Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, Biocentre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2006 Feb;21(2):204-14. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2005.07.011. Epub 2005 Aug 30.
The concept of cancer prevention with naturally occurring or synthetic compounds is rapidly gaining momentum as a key field in cancer research. The availability of good models for the determination of the molecular mechanisms of these agents, which frequently have multiple sites of action within a cell, is key to the progression of the field. In this review, we concentrate on the emergence of several in vitro techniques that have significant advantages over more traditional monolayer cell culture, and/or in vivo models. In particular, we focus on the potential of 3D multicellular spheroid models as versatile intermediates between monolayer culture and tumours in situ. In these models, cell-cell interactions and cell-extracellular matrix interactions can closely mimic the environment to which tumour cells would be exposed in vivo, while maintaining the advantages of ease of manipulation of an in vitro system. The in vitro tube formation assay for the study of angiogenesis, the availability of human tissues for research, and the sophisticated technology surrounding DNA microarray and proteomics are also briefly discussed.
天然或合成化合物的癌症预防概念作为癌症研究的一个关键领域正在迅速发展。这些药物的分子机制的确定有良好的模型，这些药物通常在细胞内有多个作用部位，这是该领域进展的关键。在这篇综述中，我们集中讨论了几种体外技术的出现，这些技术与更传统的单层细胞培养和/或体内模型相比具有显著优势。特别是，我们专注于 3D 多细胞球体模型作为单层培养和原位肿瘤之间的多功能中间体的潜力。在这些模型中，细胞-细胞相互作用和细胞-细胞外基质相互作用可以模拟肿瘤细胞在体内暴露的环境，同时保持体外系统易于操作的优势。用于研究血管生成的体外管形成测定法、用于研究的人类组织的可用性以及围绕 DNA 微阵列和蛋白质组学的复杂技术也进行了简要讨论。
