Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy.
Pathology Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Via Carlo Forlanini 34, 47121, Forlì, Italy.
J Transl Med. 2017 Nov 7;15(1):229. doi: 10.1186/s12967-017-1328-z.
The use of patient-derived primary cell cultures in cancer preclinical assays has increased in recent years. The management of resected tumor tissue remains complex and a number of parameters must be respected to obtain complete sample digestion and optimal vitality yield. We provide an overview of the benefits of correct primary cell culture management using different preclinical methodologies, and describe the pros and cons of this model with respect to other kinds of samples. One important advantage is that the heterogeneity of the cell populations composing a primary culture partially reproduces the tumor microenvironment and crosstalk between malignant and healthy cells, neither of which is possible with cell lines. Moreover, the use of patient-derived specimens in innovative preclinical technologies, such as 3D systems or bioreactors, represents an important opportunity to improve the translational value of the results obtained. In vivo models could further our understanding of the crosstalk between tumor and other tissues as they enable us to observe the systemic and biological interactions of a complete organism. Although engineered mice are the most common model used in this setting, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) species has recently been recognized as an innovative experimental system. In fact, the transparent body and incomplete immune system of zebrafish embryos are especially useful for evaluating patient-derived tumor tissue interactions in healthy hosts. In conclusion, ex vivo systems represent an important tool for cancer research, but samples require correct manipulation to maximize their translational value.
近年来，在癌症临床前检测中使用患者来源的原代细胞培养物的情况有所增加。切除的肿瘤组织的管理仍然很复杂，需要遵守许多参数，以获得完全的样本消化和最佳的活力产量。我们概述了使用不同临床前方法学正确管理原代细胞培养物的益处，并描述了该模型相对于其他类型样本的优缺点。一个重要的优势是，组成原代培养物的细胞群体的异质性部分再现了肿瘤微环境和恶性细胞与健康细胞之间的串扰，而细胞系则无法实现这一点。此外，将患者来源的标本用于 3D 系统或生物反应器等创新的临床前技术是提高所获得结果的转化价值的重要机会。体内模型可以进一步了解肿瘤与其他组织之间的串扰，因为它们使我们能够观察完整生物体的系统和生物学相互作用。尽管工程小鼠是该环境中最常用的模型，但斑马鱼（Danio rerio）物种最近已被认为是一种创新的实验系统。事实上，斑马鱼胚胎的透明身体和不完全免疫系统对于评估健康宿主中患者来源的肿瘤组织相互作用特别有用。总之，体外系统是癌症研究的重要工具，但样本需要正确处理才能最大限度地提高其转化价值。
