Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2008 May;25(3):329-33. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2007.11.001. Epub 2007 Nov 13.
Application of human antidotes against nerve agent intoxications to microcrustacean Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) intoxicated by a nerve agent tabun (O-ethyl-N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate) and their efficacy was investigated. It was found that antidotes can be successfully applied to intoxicated daphnids. Three different treatment regimens were tested: the combination of atropine and acetylcholinesterase reactivator (trimedoxime was chosen), atropine only and trimedoxime alone, too. The most efficient was the combination of atropine and trimedoxime followed by treatment with atropine only. The proportion of recovered animals increased with time not only in treated groups but also in the control as well. This can be explained by a spontaneous reactivation of tabun-inhibited cholinesterase in daphnids probably indicating a difference between mammalian and crustacean cholinesterases.
应用人体解毒剂治疗有机磷中毒对受有机磷杀虫剂塔崩（O-乙基-N,N-二甲基磷酰胺氰酸盐）中毒的淡水甲壳类动物大型溞（甲壳纲，鳃足亚纲）进行了研究，并评估了它们的疗效。结果表明，解毒剂可以成功应用于中毒的溞类。测试了三种不同的治疗方案：阿托品和乙酰胆碱酯酶重激活剂（选择了三羟肟）的组合，仅用阿托品和单独使用三羟肟。最有效的是阿托品和三羟肟的组合，然后只用阿托品治疗。不仅在治疗组，而且在对照组，随着时间的推移，恢复的动物比例都增加了。这可以通过塔崩抑制的胆碱酯酶在溞类中的自发重激活来解释，这可能表明哺乳动物和甲壳类动物的胆碱酯酶之间存在差异。
