Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
Eur J Public Health. 2012 Oct;22(5):677-83. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckr098. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
The worksite is a promising setting for health promotion. This review summarizes the evidence of effect of intervention studies in European countries promoting a healthy diet solely and in combination with increasing physical activity at the workplace.
A systematic review of published literature was carried out. Inclusion criteria were: studies conducted in European countries; papers published from 1 January 1990 to 1 October 2010; worksite-based interventions promoting a healthy diet solely or in combination with physical activity; primary prevention; measurement of anthropometrical or behavioural change and adults (≥18 years old). Levels of evidence for intervention effectiveness on behavioural determinants, nutrition and physical activity behaviours and body composition and the quality of the included interventions were assessed.
Seventeen studies solely focusing on promotion of a healthy diet were identified. Eight were educational, one used worksite environmental change strategies, and eight used a combination of both (multi-component). None of the interventions were rated as 'strong'; seven met the criteria for 'moderate' quality. The reviewed studies show moderately evidence for effects on diet. Thirteen studies focusing both on nutrition and physical activity (nine educational and four multi-component studies) were identified. Ten were rated as having 'weak' and three as having 'moderate' methodological quality, providing inconclusive evidence for effects.
Limited to moderate evidence was found for positive effects of nutrition interventions implemented at the workplace. Effects of workplace health promotion interventions may be improved if stronger adherence to established quality criteria for such interventions is realized.
工作场所是促进健康的有前途的环境。本综述总结了在欧洲国家开展的干预研究的证据，这些研究仅在工作场所促进健康饮食，并结合增加身体活动，或同时促进健康饮食和增加身体活动。
对已发表文献进行了系统综述。纳入标准为：在欧洲国家开展的研究；1990 年 1 月 1 日至 2010 年 10 月 1 日期间发表的论文；以工作场所为基础，仅促进健康饮食或同时促进健康饮食和身体活动的干预措施；初级预防；测量身体成分和行为变化的人体测量或行为变化和成年人（≥18 岁）。评估了干预措施对行为决定因素、营养和身体活动行为以及身体成分的有效性的证据水平以及纳入干预措施的质量。
确定了 17 项仅关注促进健康饮食的研究。其中 8 项是教育性的，1 项使用了工作场所环境变化策略，8 项使用了两者的组合（多组分）。没有一项干预措施被评为“强”；7 项符合“中度”质量标准。综述研究显示，对饮食的影响有中度证据。确定了 13 项既关注营养又关注身体活动的研究（9 项教育性研究和 4 项多组分研究）。其中 10 项被评为“弱”，3 项被评为“中”，提供了关于效果的不确定证据。
在工作场所实施营养干预措施的积极效果的证据有限且为中度。如果更强地遵守此类干预措施的既定质量标准，则可能会提高工作场所健康促进干预措施的效果。
