Clark Katy M, Su Jing, Kaciroti Niko, Castillo Marcela, Millan Rebeca, Rule Heather, Lozoff Besty
Interam J Psychol. 2010;44(1):37-46.
Previous research on maternal speech and depression has focused almost exclusively on how depressed mothers talk to their infants and toddlers in the U.S. and U.K., two English-speaking countries. This study considered how depressed Spanish-speaking mothers from a Latin American country talk about their preschool-age children. Five-minute speech samples were provided by 178 Chilean mothers who were asked to talk about their 5½-year-old children to a project psychologist. Maternal depressive symptomatology was measured by the Spanish-language version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). In multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), higher maternal depressed mood showed statistically significant associations with the following maternal speech characteristics: more criticisms, less laughter, fewer medium pauses, less positive satisfaction with the child's behavior or characteristics, a rating of a negative overall relationship with the child, and more crying (suggestive trend). A structural equation model confirmed these findings and found an indirect effect between laughter and criticisms: mothers with higher depressed mood who laughed less criticized their children less. The findings illustrate that depressed mood adversely affects how a group of Chilean mothers speak about their children.
以往关于母亲言语与抑郁的研究几乎完全集中在美英这两个英语国家中抑郁的母亲如何与婴幼儿交谈。本研究考察了来自一个拉丁美洲国家、讲西班牙语的抑郁母亲如何谈论她们学龄前的孩子。178名智利母亲提供了5分钟的言语样本，她们被要求向一位项目心理学家谈论自己5岁半的孩子。通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）的西班牙语版本来测量母亲的抑郁症状。在多变量协方差分析（MANCOVA）中，母亲更高的抑郁情绪与以下母亲言语特征存在统计学上的显著关联：更多批评、更少笑声、更少中等时长停顿、对孩子行为或特征的积极满意度更低、对与孩子的整体关系评价为负面以及更多哭泣（有提示性趋势）。结构方程模型证实了这些发现，并发现笑声与批评之间存在间接效应：抑郁情绪较高且笑声较少的母亲对孩子的批评也较少。这些发现表明，抑郁情绪会对一群智利母亲谈论自己孩子的方式产生不利影响。
