Salvatore Sergio
Department of Educational, Psychological and Teaching Science, Via Stampacchia, 45, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2011 Sep;45(3):366-88. doi: 10.1007/s12124-011-9180-9.
This paper provides an analysis of a basic assumption grounding the clinical research: the ontological autonomy of psychotherapy-based on the idea that the clinical exchange is sufficiently distinguished from other social objects (i.e. exchange between teacher and pupils, or between buyer and seller, or interaction during dinner, and so forth). A criticism of such an assumption is discussed together with the proposal of a different epistemological interpretation, based on the distinction between communicative dynamics and the process of psychotherapy-psychotherapy is a goal-oriented process based on the general dynamics of human communication. Theoretical and methodological implications are drawn from such a view: It allows further sources of knowledge to be integrated within clinical research (i.e. those coming from other domains of analysis of human communication); it also enables a more abstract definition of the psychotherapy process to be developed, leading to innovative views of classical critical issues, like the specific-nonspecific debate. The final part of the paper is devoted to presenting a model of human communication--the Semiotic Dialogical Dialectic Theory--which is meant as the framework for the analysis of psychotherapy.
本文对临床研究的一个基本假设进行了分析，该假设基于这样一种观念，即心理治疗具有本体论上的自主性，其依据是临床交流与其他社会对象（如师生之间的交流、买卖双方之间的交流、晚餐时的互动等）有足够的区别。本文讨论了对这一假设的批评，并提出了一种不同的认识论解释，该解释基于交际动态与心理治疗过程之间的区别——心理治疗是一个基于人类交流一般动态的目标导向过程。从这一观点中得出了理论和方法上的启示：它允许将更多的知识来源整合到临床研究中（即来自人类交流分析其他领域的知识来源）；它还能够对心理治疗过程进行更抽象的定义，从而产生对经典关键问题（如特异性与非特异性之争）的创新观点。本文的最后一部分致力于介绍一种人类交流模型——符号对话辩证法理论——它被视为心理治疗分析的框架。
