Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, Coastal Watershed Institute, College of Arts and Science, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2011 Dec;31(6):808-14. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.07.018. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
The green mussel, Perna viridis, is a bivalve mollusk native to Asia and was recently introduced to Florida, USA. Since its first observation in 1999 in Tampa Bay, Florida, green mussel population has expanded considerably, to reach the Atlantic coast of Florida, Georgia and South Carolina. Most of currently available studies about the ecology and biology of green mussels were performed in the Indian and Pacific oceans. Very recently, it has been suggested that due to a weak low temperature resistance, green mussels might have already reached the Northern edge of their distribution in the USA. However, there is currently an obvious lack of data about the adaptation capacities of Perna viridis to environmental conditions in Florida, especially at the physiological and cellular levels. In the present work, we determined and characterized the populations of circulating hemocytes, and the cellular components of hemolymph involved in various physiological functions, including immunity. Two main populations were characterized, hyalinocytes and granulocytes. Granulocytes accounted for 60% of circulating cells, and displayed higher phagocytic capacities, lysosomal content and basal oxidative metabolism than hyalinocytes. Hemocyte parameters were not influenced by the size of green mussels. In addition, hemocytes were subjected to acute temperature challenges (10, 20 and 30 °C) and their immune-related functions and metabolism analyzed. Our results showed that 10 °C represent a stressful condition for the Floridian green mussels, as depicted by a low phagocytosis capacity and an increase of oxidative metabolism.
贻贝，即绿贻贝，是原产于亚洲的双壳软体动物，最近被引入美国佛罗里达州。自 1999 年在佛罗里达州坦帕湾首次观察到以来，绿贻贝的数量已经大幅增加，分布范围已到达佛罗里达州、佐治亚州和南卡罗来纳州的大西洋海岸。目前关于绿贻贝生态学和生物学的大部分研究都是在印度洋和太平洋进行的。最近有人提出，由于对低温的抵抗力较弱，绿贻贝可能已经到达了在美国分布的最北边界。然而，目前关于绿贻贝在佛罗里达州适应环境条件的能力的数据明显不足，尤其是在生理和细胞水平上。在本研究中，我们确定并描述了循环血细胞的种群，以及血液中参与各种生理功能（包括免疫）的细胞成分。鉴定出两种主要的细胞群，即透明细胞和粒状细胞。粒状细胞占循环细胞的 60%，其吞噬能力、溶酶体含量和基础氧化代谢均高于透明细胞。血细胞参数不受贻贝大小的影响。此外，还对贻贝进行了急性温度挑战（10、20 和 30°C），并分析了它们的免疫相关功能和代谢。结果表明，10°C 对佛罗里达州的绿贻贝来说是一种胁迫条件，表现为吞噬能力降低和氧化代谢增加。
