Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China.
J Dairy Sci. 2011 Aug;94(8):3739-46. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-3891.
Myoblastic toxicity is a major adverse effect caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exercising heavily. Although protection or alleviation of ROS toxicity can be achieved by administration of antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin E and vitamin C, their protective effect remains controversial. Thus, alternative natural antioxidants may be potential candidates for foods for athletes. In this research, we investigated the antioxidative effect of whey protein against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) toxicity using C(2)C(12) myoblasts. Whey protein pre-incubation prevented the decrease in cell viability after H(2)O(2) treatment. The production of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine associated with DNA oxidative damage was also inhibited by the whey protein pre-incubation. Endogenous antioxidant defense, such as glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activity, was also modulated by the antioxidant. At the same time, enhanced mRNA expression levels of heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 were observed in cells pre-incubated with whey protein before H(2)O(2) abuse. These findings suggest that whey protein improved the antioxidant capacity against acute oxidative stress through multiple pathways and this protein may serve as an alternative source of antioxidants for prevention of athletic injuries caused by ROS.
肌毒性是剧烈运动时活性氧（ROS）引起的主要不良反应。虽然通过补充抗氧化维生素如维生素 E 和维生素 C 可以实现对 ROS 毒性的保护或缓解，但它们的保护作用仍存在争议。因此，替代天然抗氧化剂可能是运动员食品的潜在候选物。在这项研究中，我们使用 C(2)C(12)成肌细胞研究了乳清蛋白对过氧化氢（H(2)O(2)）毒性的抗氧化作用。乳清蛋白孵育预处理可防止 H(2)O(2)处理后细胞活力下降。乳清蛋白孵育预处理还抑制了与 DNA 氧化损伤相关的 8-羟基脱氧鸟苷的产生。内源性抗氧化防御，如谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性，也被抗氧化剂调节。同时，在 H(2)O(2)滥用前用乳清蛋白孵育的细胞中，观察到血红素加氧酶-1 和 NADPH 醌氧化还原酶-1 的 mRNA 表达水平增强。这些发现表明，乳清蛋白通过多种途径提高了对急性氧化应激的抗氧化能力，这种蛋白质可能成为预防 ROS 引起的运动损伤的替代抗氧化剂来源。
