Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2011 Aug;91(4):805-20, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2011.04.005.
Nutritional support can have a significant beneficial impact on the course of moderate to severe acute pancreatitis. Enteral nutrition is preferred, with emphasis on establishment of jejunal access; however, parenteral nutrition can also be of value if intestinal failure is present. Early initiation of nutritional support is critical, with benefits decreasing rapidly if begun after 48 hours from admission. Severe malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis can be avoided or treated with dietary modifications or enteral nutrition.
营养支持对中重度急性胰腺炎的病程有显著的有益影响。肠内营养是首选，重点是建立空肠通路；但是，如果存在肠道衰竭，肠外营养也有价值。早期开始营养支持至关重要，如果在入院后 48 小时后开始，益处会迅速减少。慢性胰腺炎的严重营养不良可以通过饮食调整或肠内营养来避免或治疗。
