Schmid K, Drexler H, Fischmann W, Uter W, Kiesel J
Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2011 Jul;136(30):1517-22. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1281547. Epub 2011 Jul 25.
Increasing workload in health professionals and resulting health consequences have frequently been reported. We analysed the results from an employee attitude survey within a network of workplace health promotion and compared three occupational groups of a university hospital with two samples of employees of other industries.
The survey was conducted in the years 2005, 2006 and 2007 using a standardized method, addressing 1748 employees of six companies. In order to compare specific occupational groups, both within the hospital and amongst different companies, five occupational groups were selected (medical profession, nursing service and administration of the hospital, academics of another company and employees of a financial service provider).
Some results were specific for an occupational group, such as lower back pain and skin diseases in nurses and exhaustion in clinicians. Regarding several items the responses of employees of the hospital's administration were similar to that of the medical professionals and differed significantly from the responses of administrative and related employees in other companies. Employees of all occupational groups of the hospital were often frustrated and felt their work was not appreciated. Frequent demands included improved work atmosphere, better appreciation of work and better information regarding innovations.
The analysis of standardized survey results specific for companies and occupational groups is an appropriate way to identify targets of health promotion. Constant over three surveys, again a high burden of stress was found in health care workers even affecting the administrative staff, regarding several work-related stress factors. According to our results activities to improve the working conditions in hospitals are urgently needed.
医护人员工作量增加及其导致的健康后果屡有报道。我们分析了职场健康促进网络内员工态度调查的结果，并将一家大学医院的三个职业群体与其他行业的两个员工样本进行了比较。
该调查于2005年、2006年和2007年采用标准化方法进行，涉及六家公司的1748名员工。为了比较医院内部以及不同公司之间的特定职业群体，选取了五个职业群体（医疗职业、医院护理服务与行政管理、另一家公司的科研人员以及一家金融服务提供商的员工）。
有些结果是特定职业群体所特有的，例如护士的腰痛和皮肤病以及临床医生的疲惫。在几个项目上，医院行政管理人员的回答与医疗专业人员相似，与其他公司行政及相关员工的回答有显著差异。医院所有职业群体的员工经常感到沮丧，觉得自己的工作未得到认可。常见的诉求包括改善工作氛围、更好地认可工作以及更好地了解创新信息。
对公司和职业群体特有的标准化调查结果进行分析是确定健康促进目标的合适方法。在三次调查中持续发现，医护人员甚至行政人员在几个与工作相关的压力因素方面承受着很高的压力负担。根据我们的结果，迫切需要开展改善医院工作条件的活动。
