Department I 3 Research & Development, Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany.
Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Mil Med Res. 2020 Feb 21;7(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40779-020-00236-w.
Tobacco use, correlated with reduced physical fitness, is one of the leading causes of avoidable death worldwide. It increases the risk of dementia and can shorten the lifespan by 10 years. For the German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr), figures on smoking behavior have not been comprehensively captured. This study analyzes current data in a large sample from this population.
Based on an employee survey as part of the Occupational Health Management System, data on smoking behavior from 13,326 participants were analyzed in relation to age, gender, professional status, education level and membership in military operational units versus other agencies.
Smoking behavior varied significantly (P < 0.001) by age group (younger > older), gender, professional status, military agency membership status, and education level (the lower the education level, the higher the smoking rates). With the exception of the downward trend in smoking behavior with increasing age among civilian employees, these results were all significant (P < 0.005).
This data analysis shows that smoking prevalence among personnel in the area of responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Defense is comparable to the current data from corresponding surveys of the German population. Depending on gender, they generally show values that are slightly above those of the German population. The well-known trend in the general population of decreasing smoking prevalence with increasing age is also seen in this analysis. However, there are considerable differences in the smoking prevalence among individual subgroups (professional status, agency, gender, education level). The data show that particular young soldiers in the armed forces should be the target group for further preventive measures.
烟草使用与身体机能下降有关，是全球可避免死亡的主要原因之一。它会增加痴呆症的风险，并使预期寿命缩短 10 年。对于德国联邦国防军（Bundeswehr）来说，吸烟行为的数据尚未被全面捕获。本研究分析了该人群中一个大样本的当前数据。
基于作为职业健康管理系统一部分的员工调查，分析了 13326 名参与者的吸烟行为数据，这些数据与年龄、性别、职业状况、教育程度以及是否属于军事作战单位有关。
吸烟行为在年龄组（年轻>年长）、性别、职业状况、军事机构成员身份和教育程度方面存在显著差异（P<0.001）（教育程度越低，吸烟率越高）。除了文职雇员中吸烟行为随年龄增长呈下降趋势外，这些结果均具有统计学意义（P<0.005）。
这项数据分析表明，联邦国防部责任范围内人员的吸烟率与德国人口相应调查的当前数据相当。根据性别，他们的吸烟率普遍略高于德国人口。在一般人群中，吸烟率随年龄增长而下降的趋势在本分析中也有所体现。然而，在各个亚组（职业状况、机构、性别、教育程度）中，吸烟率存在相当大的差异。数据表明，军队中的特定年轻士兵应该是进一步预防措施的目标人群。
