Hernández Ramírez Diego F, Cabiedes Javier
Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México D.F, México.
Reumatol Clin. 2010 May-Jun;6(3):173-7. doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2009.10.003. Epub 2010 Jan 6.
During the past few years technological advance have been allowed the developing of techniques that help to the diagnosis of multiple diseases. In the case of the autoimmune diseases, immunological techniques are helpful since they allow the detection of multiple autoantibodies at the same time with small volumes of sample. Together with the development of the new techniques, sensitivity and specificity in the detection of the antibodies specificities' also have been increased, in such a way that the clinicians can count with tests that allow them to make early diagnoses with greater certainty and also to follow the course of the disease based on the variation of the antibodies presents in the patient's samples. It is important to emphasize that the new techniques of laboratory that are used for the support of the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, no longer are exclusive for research laboratories but by their facility of standardization, quality control and reproducibility they can be used in clinical laboratory of medium and small sizes. In the present paper we describe those techniques with greater application in the clinical laboratory of autoimmune diseases.
在过去几年里，技术进步使得有助于多种疾病诊断的技术得以发展。就自身免疫性疾病而言，免疫技术很有帮助，因为它们能够用少量样本同时检测多种自身抗体。随着新技术的发展，抗体特异性检测的灵敏度和特异性也有所提高，这样临床医生可以依靠这些检测方法，更准确地进行早期诊断，并根据患者样本中抗体的变化来跟踪疾病进程。需要强调的是，用于支持自身免疫性疾病诊断的新型实验室技术，不再是大型研究实验室的专利，由于其标准化、质量控制和可重复性等特性，它们也可用于中小型临床实验室。在本文中，我们将描述那些在自身免疫性疾病临床实验室中应用更为广泛的技术。
