Child and Adolescent OCD, Tics, Trichotillomania and Anxiety Group, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 600, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2011 Aug;11(8):1165-74. doi: 10.1586/ern.11.93.
Trichotillomania (TTM) is characterized as an impulse control disorder in which individuals fail to resist urges to pull out their own hair, and is associated with significant functional impairment and psychiatric comorbidity across the developmental spectrum. Onset in childhood or adolescence appears to be the norm, yet the research literature involving pediatric samples is particularly sparse. Efficacious treatments have been developed, in particular cognitive-behavioral interventions involving procedures collectively known as habit reversal training, yet relapse in adults appears to be common. Recent developments in pharmacotherapies for TTM and in combining cognitive-behavioral therapy approaches with medication hold promise, and efforts to examine their relative and combined efficacy are needed. Dissemination of information about TTM and its treatment is a critical next step in the field, since many affected individuals and families cannot find local treatment providers with sufficient knowledge to deliver interventions known to reduce hair pulling behavior.
拔毛癖（TTM）的特征是一种冲动控制障碍，个体无法抗拒拔自己头发的冲动，并且在整个发展过程中与明显的功能障碍和精神共病有关。儿童或青少年期发病似乎是常态，但涉及儿科样本的研究文献特别稀少。已经开发出有效的治疗方法，特别是涉及统称为习惯逆转训练的程序的认知行为干预，但成年人的复发似乎很常见。TTM 的药物治疗和将认知行为治疗方法与药物相结合的最新进展有希望，需要努力检查它们的相对和联合疗效。传播有关 TTM 及其治疗的信息是该领域的关键下一步，因为许多受影响的个人和家庭找不到具有足够知识的当地治疗提供者来提供已知可以减少拔毛行为的干预措施。
