School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Oct;111(4):1059-65. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2011. Epub 2011 Jul 28.
Injury to the airway epithelium has been proposed as a key susceptibility factor for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Our goals were to establish whether airway epithelial cell injury occurs during EIB in athletes and whether inhalation of warm humid air inhibits this injury. Twenty-one young male athletes (10 with a history of EIB) performed two 8-min exercise tests near maximal aerobic capacity in cold dry (4°C, 37% relative humidity) and warm humid (25°C, 94% relative humidity) air on separate days. Postexercise changes in urinary CC16 were used as a biomarker of airway epithelial cell perturbation and injury. Bronchoconstriction occurred in eight athletes in the cold dry environment and was completely blocked by inhalation of warm humid air [maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s = 18.1 ± 2.1% (SD) in cold dry air and 1.7 ± 0.8% in warm humid air, P < 0.01]. Exercise caused an increase in urinary excretion of CC16 in all subjects (P < 0.001), but this rise in CC16 was blunted following inhalation of warm humid air [median CC16 increase pre- to postchallenge = 1.91 and 0.35 ng/μmol in cold dry and warm humid air, respectively, in athletes with EIB (P = 0.017) and 1.68 and 0.48 ng/μmol in cold dry and warm humid air, respectively, in athletes without EIB (P = 0.002)]. The results indicate that exercise hyperpnea transiently disrupts the airway epithelium of all athletes (not only in those with EIB) and that inhalation of warm moist air limits airway epithelial cell perturbation and injury.
气道上皮细胞损伤被认为是运动性支气管收缩（EIB）的一个关键易感因素。我们的目的是确定在运动员的 EIB 中是否发生气道上皮细胞损伤，以及吸入温暖湿润的空气是否抑制这种损伤。21 名年轻男性运动员（10 名有 EIB 病史）在两天内分别在寒冷干燥（4°C，37%相对湿度）和温暖湿润（25°C，94%相对湿度）的环境中进行了两次接近最大有氧能力的 8 分钟运动测试。运动后尿 CC16 的变化被用作气道上皮细胞扰动和损伤的生物标志物。在寒冷干燥的环境中，有 8 名运动员发生了支气管收缩，吸入温暖湿润的空气完全阻止了支气管收缩[最大呼气量在 1 秒内的下降=寒冷干燥空气中的 18.1 ± 2.1%（SD）和温暖湿润空气中的 1.7 ± 0.8%，P < 0.01]。运动引起所有受试者尿 CC16 排泄增加（P < 0.001），但吸入温暖湿润的空气后，CC16 的增加被抑制[EIB 运动员冷干和暖湿空气中 CC16 增加的中位数分别为 1.91 和 0.35 ng/μmol（P = 0.017）和 1.68 和 0.48 ng/μmol（P = 0.002），无 EIB 运动员冷干和暖湿空气中 CC16 增加的中位数分别为 1.68 和 0.48 ng/μmol（P = 0.002）]。结果表明，运动性过度通气会短暂破坏所有运动员（不仅是 EIB 运动员）的气道上皮细胞，而吸入温暖湿润的空气会限制气道上皮细胞的扰动和损伤。
