Efficacy and safety of bronchoscopic laser therapy in patients with tracheal and bronchial obstruction: a retrospective single institution report.

PURPOSE

The aim of this retrospective study is to present data efficacy and safety of bronchoscopic laser therapy in patients with tracheal and bronchial obstruction.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

From February 2004 to April 2010, our electronic database was searched for all patients who had undergone bronchoscopic laser therapy. We collected data on age, gender, performance status, diagnosis leading to bronchoscopic laser treatment, number of procedures per patient, efficacy by means of extend of recanalisation and symptom improvement, additional interventions and procedure-related complications.

RESULTS

Two hundred fifty-six procedures were performed in 121 patients. 17% of obstructions were localised in the trachea, 57% in main bronchi and 26% in lobar bronchi including right intermedius bronchus. The sum of complete and partial recanalisation reached 95%, 80% and 68%, respectively. 26% of interventions in lobar bronchi were undertaken to treat haemoptysis which could be controlled in all cases. Moderate bleeding occurred in 6%; severe bleeding in 1%. Cardiac arrhythmias were seen in 2%. We observed one treatment-related death (overall mortality 0.4%).

CONCLUSION

Bronchoscopic laser therapy is a generally safe and effective method to regain airway patency in cases with tracheal or bronchial obstruction and to treat haemoptysis. We observed clinical improvement in terms of reduced dyspnea or controlled haemoptysis in 93% of our patients.