Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
Environ Int. 2012 Apr;40:102-109. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.07.001. Epub 2011 Jul 28.
A selection of PBDE congeners was analyzed in pooled blubber samples of pilot whale (Globicephala melas), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) and Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), covering a time period of more than 20 years (1986-2009). The analytes were extracted and cleaned-up using open column extraction and multi-layer silica gel column chromatography, and the analysis was performed on a GC-MS system operating in the NCI mode. The highest PBDE levels were found in the toothed whale species pilot whale and white-sided dolphin, and the lowest levels in fin whales and ringed seals. One-sided analyses of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey comparisons of means were applied to test for differences between years and sampling areas. Due to inter-year sampling variability, only general comparisons of PBDE concentrations between different sampling areas could be made. Differences in PBDE concentrations between three sampling periods, from 1986 to 2007, were evaluated in samples of pilot whales, ringed seals, white-sided dolphins and hooded seals. The highest PBDE levels were found in samples from the late 1990s or beginning of 2000, possibly reflecting the increase in the global production of technical PBDE mixtures in the 1990s. The levels of BDE #153 and #154 increased relative to the total PBDE concentration in some of the species in recent years, which may indicate an increased relative exposure to higher brominated congeners. In order to assess the effect of measures taken in legally binding international agreements, it is important to continuously monitor POPs such as PBDEs in sub-Arctic and Arctic environments.
选择了一批多溴二苯醚同系物，对领航鲸（Globicephala melas）、环斑海豹（Phoca hispida）、小须鲸（Balaenoptera acutorostrata）、长须鲸（Balaenoptera physalus）、港湾鼠海豚（Phocoena phocoena）、冠海豹（Cystophora cristata）和大西洋白海豚（Lagenorhynchus acutus）的混合鲸脂样本进行了分析，这些样本的采集时间跨度超过 20 年（1986-2009 年）。采用开管萃取和多层硅胶柱色谱法对分析物进行提取和净化，并用在 NCI 模式下运行的 GC-MS 系统进行分析。多溴二苯醚水平最高的是齿鲸领航鲸和白海豚，水平最低的是长须鲸和环斑海豹。采用单向方差分析（ANOVA），并对均值进行 Tukey 比较，以检验各年份和采样区之间的差异。由于各年份之间的采样变异性，仅能对不同采样区之间的多溴二苯醚浓度进行一般性比较。在领航鲸、环斑海豹、白海豚和冠海豹的样本中，评估了 1986 年至 2007 年三个采样期之间多溴二苯醚浓度的差异。20 世纪 90 年代末或 21 世纪初的样本中多溴二苯醚水平最高，这可能反映出 20 世纪 90 年代全球技术型多溴二苯醚混合物产量的增加。近年来，一些物种的 BDE#153 和 BDE#154 相对多溴二苯醚总量的比例增加，这可能表明它们接触到的高溴化同系物相对增加。为了评估具有法律约束力的国际协议中所采取措施的效果，必须持续监测亚北极和北极环境中的多溴二苯醚等持久性有机污染物。
