Littoral Environment et Sociétes (LIENSs), UMRi 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France; Coordinadora para o Estudo dos Mamiferos Mariños (CEMMA), Apdo. 15, Pontevedra 36380, Spain; Centro de Biologia Molecuar e Ambiental (CBMA)/Sociedade Portuguesa de Vida Selvagem (SPVS), Dep. de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal.
Marine Scotland, Marine Laboratory, Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, United Kingdom.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jun 15;484:196-205. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.045. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
Concentrations and patterns of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the blubber of the five most common toothed whales off the Northwest Iberian Peninsula (NWIP), specifically common dolphin, long-finned pilot whale, harbour porpoise, striped dolphin and bottlenose dolphin, were investigated. The study revealed that differences in PCB and PBDE concentrations among the species are highly dependent on age and sex but also on ecological factors such as trophic level, prey type and habitat. Of the five species studied, bottlenose dolphin and harbour porpoise showed the greatest concentrations of PCBs. Both species exceed the toxic threshold of 17μgg(-1) lipid weight (PCB Aroclor equivalent) for health effects on marine mammals, for 100% and 75% of the individuals tested, respectively. Overall, the PCB and PBDE levels observed in the NWIP toothed whales were of the same order of magnitude or lower than those reported by previous studies in areas of the NE Atlantic. However, they are often higher than those for toothed whales from the southern Atlantic and Pacific Ocean.
本研究调查了西北伊比利亚半岛（NWIP）外海域五种最常见齿鲸（即宽吻海豚、长鳍领航鲸、港湾鼠海豚、斑纹海豚和瓶鼻海豚）的鲸脂中多氯联苯（PCBs）和多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的浓度和分布模式。研究结果表明，不同物种之间 PCB 和 PBDE 浓度的差异高度依赖于年龄和性别，但也受到生态因素的影响，如营养水平、猎物类型和栖息地。在所研究的五种物种中，瓶鼻海豚和港湾鼠海豚的 PCBs 浓度最高。这两个物种的 PCB 浓度均超过了 17μgg(-1)（PCB 多氯联苯等效物）的毒性阈值，这一数值是对海洋哺乳动物产生健康影响的标准，分别有 100%和 75%的受检个体超过了这一标准。总体而言，NWIP 齿鲸体内的 PCB 和 PBDE 水平与北大西洋东部地区的先前研究报告的水平相当或更低，但通常高于南大西洋和太平洋地区的齿鲸。
