Ozier Amy D, Henry Beverly W
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2011 Aug;111(8):1236-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2011.06.016.
It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that nutrition intervention, including nutritional counseling by a registered dietitian (RD), is an essential component of team treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and other eating disorders (EDs) during assessment and treatment across the continuum of care. Diagnostic criteria for EDs provide important guidelines for identification and treatment. In addition, individuals may experience disordered eating that extends along a range from food restriction to partial conditions to diagnosed EDs. Understanding the roles and responsibilities of RDs is critical to the effective care of individuals with EDs. The complexities of EDs, such as epidemiologic factors, treatment guidelines, special populations, and emerging trends highlight the nature of EDs, which require a collaborative approach by an interdisciplinary team of mental health, nutrition, and medical specialists. RDs are integral members of treatment teams and are uniquely qualified to provide medical nutrition therapy for the normalization of eating patterns and nutritional status. However, this role requires understanding of the psychologic and neurobiologic aspects of EDs. Advanced training is needed to work effectively with this population. Further efforts with evidenced-based research must continue for improved treatment outcomes related to EDs, along with identification of effective primary and secondary interventions. This paper supports the "Practice Paper of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition Intervention in the Treatment of Eating Disorders" published online at www.eatright.org/positions.
美国饮食协会的立场是，营养干预，包括由注册营养师（RD）提供的营养咨询，是神经性厌食症、神经性贪食症和其他饮食失调（ED）患者在整个连续护理过程中的评估和治疗团队治疗的重要组成部分。饮食失调的诊断标准为识别和治疗提供了重要指导。此外，个体可能会经历从食物限制到部分病症再到确诊的饮食失调等一系列紊乱的饮食情况。了解注册营养师的角色和职责对于有效护理饮食失调患者至关重要。饮食失调的复杂性，如流行病学因素、治疗指南、特殊人群和新趋势，凸显了饮食失调的本质，这需要心理健康、营养和医学专家组成的跨学科团队采取协作方法。注册营养师是治疗团队的重要成员，并且具有独特的资质为使饮食模式和营养状况正常化提供医学营养治疗。然而，这一角色需要了解饮食失调的心理和神经生物学方面。需要接受高级培训才能有效地与这一人群合作。必须继续进行基于证据的研究，以改善与饮食失调相关的治疗结果，并确定有效的一级和二级干预措施。本文支持发表在www.eatright.org/positions网站上的《美国饮食协会实践论文：饮食失调治疗中的营养干预》。
