Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Oct;74(7):1951-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.07.009. Epub 2011 Jul 29.
The Tietê River and its tributary Pinheiros River receive a highly complex organic and inorganic pollutants load from sanitary sewage and industrial sources, as well as agricultural and agroindustrial activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of sediments from selected locations in the Tietê River Basin by means of the sediment contact embryo toxicity assay with Danio rerio, in order to provide a comprehensive and realistic insight into the bioavailable hazard potential of these sediment samples. Lethal and sub-lethal effects were recorded, and high embryo toxicity could be found in the samples not only in the vicinity of the megacity São Paulo (Billings reservoir and Pinheiros River samples), but also downstream (in the reservoirs Barra Bonita, Promissão and Três Irmãos). Results confirm that most toxicity is due to the discharges of the metropolitan area of São Paulo. However, they also indicate additional sources of pollutants along the river course, probably from industrial, agricultural and agroindustrial residues, which contribute to the degradation of each area. The sediment contact fish embryo test showed to be powerful tool to detect embryo toxicity in sediments, not only by being a sensitive method, but also for taking into account bioavailability. This test provides an ecological highly realistic and relevant exposure scenario, and should therefore be added in ecotoxicological sediment quality assessments.
底特河及其支流皮涅鲁斯河从城市污水和工业源以及农业和农业综合企业活动中接收高度复杂的有机和无机污染物负荷。本研究的目的是通过使用斑马鱼的沉积物接触胚胎毒性试验评估选自底特河流域特定地点的沉积物的胚胎毒性和致畸作用，以便全面和真实地了解这些沉积物样品的生物可用危害潜力。记录了致死和亚致死效应，并且在不仅在大城市圣保罗（比林斯水库和皮涅鲁斯河样品）附近，而且在下游（巴拉博尼塔、波米西翁和特雷斯伊里姆兄弟水库）的样本中也发现了高胚胎毒性。结果证实，大部分毒性是由于圣保罗大都市区的排放造成的。然而，它们还表明沿河流域存在其他污染物来源，可能来自工业、农业和农业综合企业的残留物，这导致了每个地区的退化。沉积物接触鱼类胚胎试验被证明是一种强大的工具，可用于检测沉积物中的胚胎毒性，不仅因为它是一种敏感的方法，而且还因为它考虑了生物利用度。这种测试提供了一个生态高度现实和相关的暴露情景，因此应该在生态毒理学沉积物质量评估中增加这种测试。
