College of Physical Education, Strength Training Laboratory, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Nov;25(11):3039-44. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318212dea4.
Comparisons between men and women of time course responses of strength, delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and muscle swelling after a resistance training session are still controversial. Therefore, this study examined gender differences in strength loss, muscle thickness (MT), and DOMS between young men and women. Thirty apparently healthy, untrained volunteers (14 women and 16 men) participated in the study protocol. The resistance exercise session consisted of 8 sets at 10 repetition maximum load of the elbow flexor muscles of their dominant arm. Maximum isokinetic peak torque (PT), MT, and DOMS were recorded at baseline (TB), immediately after exercise (T0), and at 1 (T1), 2 (T2), 3 (T3), and 4 (T4) days after exercise. Baseline strength was expressed as 100%. There were no significant differences between the sexes for relative PT loss immediately after exercise (T0 = 74.31 ± 8.26% for men and 76.00 ± 6.31% for women). Also, PT was still significantly less than baseline from T1 to T4 for both genders. In contrast, recovery from PT was longer in women when compared with that in men. Muscle thickness responded similarly to PT in both genders. However, there was no significant difference between genders for DOMS at any time point. The time point that showed the greatest degree of mean soreness was T2 (4.94 ± 2.38 mm for men and 4.45 ± 2.07 mm for women). Our data suggest that after resistance exercise, women and men experience similar immediate strength loss; however they have dissimilar strength recovery across 4 days of recovery. Likewise, both genders experience a different time course of MT response after a traditional resistance exercise protocol. In contrast, men and women develop and dissipate muscle soreness in a similar manner.
男性和女性在抗阻训练后力量、迟发性肌肉酸痛（DOMS）和肌肉肿胀的时程反应比较仍存在争议。因此，本研究旨在探讨年轻男性和女性在力量损失、肌肉厚度（MT）和 DOMS 方面的性别差异。30 名健康、未经训练的志愿者（14 名女性和 16 名男性）参与了本研究方案。抗阻运动方案包括 8 组 10 次重复最大负荷的优势臂肘屈肌。在基线（TB）、运动后即刻（T0）、1（T1）、2（T2）、3（T3）和 4（T4）天后记录最大等速峰值扭矩（PT）、MT 和 DOMS。基线力量表示为 100%。男女在运动后即刻的相对 PT 损失无显著差异（男性 T0=74.31±8.26%，女性 T0=76.00±6.31%）。此外，两种性别在 T1 到 T4 期间的 PT 仍明显低于基线。相比之下，女性的 PT 恢复时间比男性长。MT 对 PT 的反应在两种性别中相似。然而，在任何时间点，性别之间的 DOMS 均无显著差异。平均疼痛程度最大的时间点是 T2（男性 4.94±2.38mm，女性 4.45±2.07mm）。我们的数据表明，抗阻运动后，女性和男性即刻经历相似的力量损失；然而，在 4 天的恢复期间，他们的力量恢复情况不同。同样，在传统抗阻运动方案后，两种性别均经历了不同的 MT 反应时程。相比之下，男性和女性以相似的方式产生和消散肌肉酸痛。
