认知探索的来源：前额叶多巴胺系统的基因变异预示开放性/智力。
Sources of Cognitive Exploration: Genetic Variation in the Prefrontal Dopamine System Predicts Openness/Intellect.
作者信息
Deyoung Colin G, Cicchetti Dante, Rogosch Fred A, Gray Jeremy R, Eastman Maria, Grigorenko Elena L
机构信息
University of Minnesota.
出版信息
J Res Pers. 2011 Aug 1;45(4):364-371. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2011.04.002.
Abstract
The personality trait Openness/Intellect reflects the tendency to be imaginative, curious, perceptive, artistic, and intellectual-all characteristics that involve cognitive exploration. Little is known about the biological basis of Openness/Intellect, but the trait has been linked to cognitive functions of prefrontal cortex, and the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a key role in motivation to explore. The hypothesis that dopamine is involved in Openness/Intellect was supported by examining its association with two genes that are central components of the prefrontal dopaminergic system. In two demographically different samples (children: N = 608; adults: N = 214), variation in the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) predicted Openness/Intellect, as main effects in the child sample and in interaction in adults.
摘要
开放性/智力这一个性特质反映了富有想象力、好奇心、洞察力、艺术性和智力的倾向——所有这些特征都涉及认知探索。关于开放性/智力的生物学基础知之甚少，但该特质已与前额叶皮质的认知功能相关联，并且神经递质多巴胺在探索动机中起关键作用。通过研究多巴胺与前额叶多巴胺能系统的两个核心组成基因的关联，多巴胺参与开放性/智力这一假设得到了支持。在两个人口统计学特征不同的样本中（儿童：N = 608；成人：N = 214），多巴胺D4受体基因（DRD4）和儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶基因（COMT）的变异预测了开放性/智力，在儿童样本中为主要效应，在成人中为交互效应。
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