Department of Environmental Health, Life Science and Human Technology, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara, Japan.
Sleep. 2011 Aug 1;34(8):1093-101. doi: 10.5665/SLEEP.1168.
This study aimed to investigate whether REM sleep evoked diverse changes in sympathetic outflows and, if so, to elucidate why REM sleep evokes diverse changes in sympathetic outflows.
Male Wistar rats were chronically implanted with electrodes to measure renal (RSNA) and lumbar sympathetic nerve activity (LSNA), electroencephalogram, electromyogram, and electrocardiogram, and catheters to measure systemic arterial and central venous pressure; these parameters were measured simultaneously and continuously during the sleep-awake cycle in the same rat.
REM sleep resulted in a step reduction in RNSA by 36.1% ± 2.7% (P < 0.05), while LSNA increased in a step manner by 15.3% ± 2% (P < 0.05) relative to the NREM level. Systemic arterial pressure increased gradually (P < 0.05), while heart rate decreased in a step manner (P < 0.05) during REM sleep. In contrast to REM sleep, RSNA, LSNA, systemic arterial pressure, and heart rate increased in a unidirectional manner associated with increases in physical activity levels in the order from NREM sleep, quiet awake, moving, and grooming state. Thus, the relationship between RSNA vs. LSNA and systemic arterial pressure vs. heart rate observed during REM sleep was dissociated compared with that obtained during the other behavioral states.
It is suggested that the diverse changes in sympathetic outflows during REM sleep may be needed to increase systemic arterial pressure by balancing vascular resistance between muscles and vegetative organs without depending on the heart.
本研究旨在探讨 REM 睡眠是否会引起交感神经传出的不同变化，如果是，那么就要阐明 REM 睡眠引起交感神经传出不同变化的原因。
雄性 Wistar 大鼠被慢性植入电极以测量肾交感神经活动（RSNA）和腰交感神经活动（LSNA）、脑电图、肌电图和心电图，并插入导管以测量全身动脉压和中心静脉压；这些参数在同一只大鼠的睡眠-觉醒周期中同时连续测量。
REM 睡眠导致 RSNA 以 36.1%±2.7%（P<0.05）的幅度阶跃式减少，而 LSNA 以 15.3%±2%（P<0.05）的幅度阶跃式增加，相对于 NREM 水平。全身动脉压逐渐升高（P<0.05），而心率在 REM 睡眠期间呈阶跃式下降（P<0.05）。与 REM 睡眠相反，RSNA、LSNA、全身动脉压和心率呈单向增加，与身体活动水平的增加有关，顺序为 NREM 睡眠、安静觉醒、运动和梳理状态。因此，在 REM 睡眠期间观察到的 RSNA 与 LSNA 之间以及全身动脉压与心率之间的关系与在其他行为状态下获得的关系不同。
建议 REM 睡眠期间交感神经传出的不同变化可能需要通过在不依赖心脏的情况下平衡肌肉和植物性器官之间的血管阻力来增加全身动脉压。
