Chibo Doris, Kaye Matthew, Birch Chris
HIV Characterisation Laboratory, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, 10 Wreckyn Street, North Melbourne 3051, Victoria, Australia.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2012 May;28(5):460-4. doi: 10.1089/AID.2011.0137. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
Transmission of HIV from recently infected individuals contributes to the number of new cases of infection, but the extent to which it occurs from those who are unaware of their infection is not known. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on 209 cases of acute HIV subtype B infection detected between January 2005 and September 2010, most of whom (88%) were men who have sex with men. Only new cases with an evolving Western blot profile confirmed by detection of HIV RNA were included. Subjects whose known dates of seroconversion were within 1 month of at least one other phylogenetically linked case identified during the 6 years of the study were then examined to estimate the prevalence of onward transmission. Almost 30% of cases could have acquired their infection from another person undergoing seroconversion within the same month. Temporal increases in the number of phylogenetically related strains within several clusters were demonstrated during the study, although the rate of increase varied. Transmission of HIV from individuals undergoing seroconversion is an important contributor to the number of new infections identified every year and very likely occurs before they have knowledge of their infection. Clusters of related HIV strains can grow at a disconcerting rate, demonstrating that more focused public health efforts are required to minimize further HIV transmissions within sexual networks.
近期感染艾滋病毒者导致了新感染病例的增加，但其感染源不明者在新感染病例中所占的比例尚不清楚。对2005年1月至2010年9月期间检测到的209例急性B型艾滋病毒感染病例进行了系统发育分析，其中大多数（88%）是男男性行为者。仅纳入通过检测艾滋病毒RNA确诊的具有不断演变的免疫印迹谱的新病例。然后对已知血清转化日期在研究的6年期间内与至少一例其他系统发育相关病例的血清转化日期相差1个月以内的受试者进行检查，以估计传播的发生率。近30%的病例可能是在同一个月内从另一名正在发生血清转化的人那里感染的。在研究期间，几个集群内系统发育相关菌株的数量随时间增加，尽管增加速度有所不同。血清转化者传播艾滋病毒是每年新感染病例的一个重要来源，而且很可能发生在他们知晓自己感染之前。相关艾滋病毒菌株集群可能以惊人的速度增长，这表明需要开展更有针对性的公共卫生工作，以尽量减少性网络内艾滋病毒的进一步传播。
