大脑皮层的发育和发育不良：皮质发育畸形。
Development and dysgenesis of the cerebral cortex: malformations of cortical development.
机构信息
Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
出版信息
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2011 Aug;21(3):483-543, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2011.05.014.
The cerebral cortex develops in several stages from a pseudostratified epithelium at 5 weeks to an essentially complete cortex at 47 weeks. Cortical connectivity starts with thalamocortical connections in the 3rd trimester only and continues until well after birth. Vascularity adapts to proliferation and connectivity. Malformations of cortical development are classified into disorders of specification, proliferation/apoptosis, migration, and organization. However, all processes are intermingled, as for example a dysplastic cell may migrate incompletely and not connect appropriately. However, this classification is convenient for didactic purposes as long as the complex interactions between the different processes are kept in mind.
大脑皮层从第 5 周的假复层上皮发育到第 47 周的基本完整皮层经历了几个阶段。皮质连接始于妊娠晚期的丘脑皮质连接，并持续到出生后很久。血管生成适应增殖和连接。皮质发育畸形分为特化障碍、增殖/凋亡、迁移和组织障碍。然而，所有过程都是交织在一起的，例如，畸形细胞可能迁移不完全，连接不当。然而，只要记住不同过程之间的复杂相互作用，这种分类对于教学目的是方便的。
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