University of Leicester, UK.
Health (London). 2012 May;16(3):314-26. doi: 10.1177/1363459311416832. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
The 1990s saw a proliferation of sociological work applying Foucault's ideas on governmentality to health promotion and public health. This work characterized public health discourses as regimes of power and knowledge employed in the regulation and surveillance of individuals and populations. This article is concerned with the question of how and to what extent those who are subject to such regimes are able to resist them. We seek to identify the various forms in which resistance to such regimes of power have been manifest in empirical studies of health and illness. Our aims are threefold. The first is to alert empirical researchers who wish to examine resistance in the context of health and health care to the subtle and nuanced ways in which such resistance can be manifested both within and outside encounters with health professionals. This is achieved through tracing both the evolution of Foucault's own concepts around resistance and the way in which these ideas have been mobilized in empirical studies. The second, and related, aim is to demonstrate the complex forms which such resistance takes, problematizing the simplistic assumptions that adherence to health promotion advice necessarily implies the collapse of agency, and that resistance necessarily involves the rejection of advice and interventions. The third is to highlight the potentially problematic normative qualities that may be assigned to resistance.
20 世纪 90 年代，社会学领域涌现出大量将福柯的治理思想应用于健康促进和公共卫生领域的研究。这些研究将公共卫生话语描述为权力和知识的体制，用于对个体和人群进行监管和监督。本文关注的问题是，处于这些体制之下的人们能够在何种程度上对其进行抵制。我们试图确定在对健康和疾病进行实证研究中，这种抵制体制的各种表现形式。我们的目标有三个。首先，提醒那些希望在健康和医疗保健背景下研究抵制问题的实证研究人员，注意到这种抵制可能在与卫生专业人员的接触内外以微妙和复杂的方式表现出来。这是通过追溯福柯自己关于抵制的概念的演变以及这些思想在实证研究中被调动的方式来实现的。其次，也是相关的目标，是展示这种抵制所采取的复杂形式，质疑那种认为对健康促进建议的坚持必然意味着能动性的丧失，以及抵制必然涉及对建议和干预的拒绝的简单假设。第三，要强调可能被赋予抵制的潜在有问题的规范性特质。
