Kir S, Kliewer S A, Mangelsdorf D J
Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2011;76:139-44. doi: 10.1101/sqb.2011.76.010710. Epub 2011 Aug 3.
Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is an ileum-derived postprandial enterokine that governs bile acid and nutrient metabolism. Synthesis of FGF19 is up-regulated by bile acids and, conversely, bile acid synthesis is down-regulated by FGF19. FGF19 also controls gallbladder volume. FGF19 has been shown to have profound effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. Recent studies have described FGF19 as a postprandial regulator of hepatic glucose and protein metabolism. Like insulin, FGF19 induces protein and glycogen synthesis and suppresses gluconeogenesis in liver. However, unlike insulin, FGF19 does not stimulate lipogenesis. A key difference between FGF19 and insulin lies in their use of different cellular signaling pathways. The beneficial effects of FGF19 on liver metabolism raise the question of whether FGF19 and its variants can be used as therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes.
成纤维细胞生长因子19（FGF19）是一种源自回肠的餐后肠内分泌因子，可调节胆汁酸和营养物质代谢。胆汁酸可上调FGF19的合成，反之，FGF19可下调胆汁酸的合成。FGF19还可控制胆囊容积。研究表明，FGF19对葡萄糖和脂质代谢具有深远影响。最近的研究将FGF19描述为肝脏葡萄糖和蛋白质代谢的餐后调节因子。与胰岛素一样，FGF19可诱导肝脏中的蛋白质和糖原合成，并抑制糖异生。然而，与胰岛素不同的是，FGF19不会刺激脂肪生成。FGF19与胰岛素之间的一个关键区别在于它们使用不同的细胞信号通路。FGF19对肝脏代谢的有益作用引发了一个问题，即FGF19及其变体是否可作为治疗糖尿病的治疗药物。
