2009 年，美国符合“儿童疫苗计划”条件的 13-17 岁青少年的疫苗接种覆盖率。
Vaccination coverage among U.S. adolescents aged 13-17 years eligible for the Vaccines for Children program, 2009.
机构信息
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Rep. 2011 Jul-Aug;126 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):124-34. doi: 10.1177/00333549111260S214.
OBJECTIVES
We compared (1) characteristics of adolescents who are and are not entitled to receive free vaccines from the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program and (2) vaccination coverage with meningococcal conjugate (MCV4), quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV4), and tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines among VFC-eligible and non-VFC-eligible adolescents.
METHODS
We analyzed data from the 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen, a nationally representative, random-digit-dialed survey of households with adolescents aged 13-17 years (n = 20,066). Differences in sociodemographic characteristics and provider-reported vaccination coverage were evaluated using t-tests.
RESULTS
Overall, 32.1% (+/- 1.2%) of adolescents were VFC-eligible. VFC-eligible adolescents were significantly less likely than non-VFC-eligible adolescents to be white and to live in suburban areas, and more likely to live in poverty and to have younger and less educated mothers. Nationally, coverage among non-VFC-eligible adolescents was 57.1% (+/-1.5%) for > or = 1 dose of Tdap, 55.4% (+/-1.5%) for > or = 1 dose of MCV4, and 43.2% (+/- 2.2%) for > or = 1 dose of HPV4. Coverage among VFC-eligible adolescents was 52.5% (+/- 2.4%) for > or = 1 dose of Tdap, 50.1% (+/- 2.4%) for > or = 1 dose of MCV4, and 46.6% (+/- 3.5%) for > or =1 dose of HPV4. Only 27.5% (+/- 1.8%) of non-VFC-eligible adolescents and 25.0% (+/- 2.9%) of VFC-eligible adolescents received > or = 3 doses of HPV4. Vaccination coverage was significantly higher among non-VFC-eligible adolescents for Tdap and MCV4, but not for one-dose or three-dose HPV4. Conclusions. Coverage with some recommended vaccines is lower among VFC-eligible adolescents compared with non-VFC-eligible adolescents. Continued monitoring of adolescent vaccination rates, particularly among VFC-eligible populations, is needed to ensure that all adolescents receive all routinely recommended vaccines.
目的
我们比较了（1）有资格和没有资格从儿童疫苗计划（VFC）获得免费疫苗的青少年的特征，以及（2）VFC 合格和不合格青少年接种脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗（MCV4）、四价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗（HPV4）和破伤风、白喉和无细胞百日咳疫苗（Tdap）的疫苗接种覆盖率。
方法
我们分析了 2009 年全国免疫调查-青少年的数据，这是一项针对 13-17 岁青少年家庭的全国代表性、随机数字拨号调查（n = 20,066）。使用 t 检验评估社会人口统计学特征和提供者报告的疫苗接种覆盖率差异。
结果
总体而言，32.1%（+/-1.2%）的青少年有资格参加 VFC。与非 VFC 合格青少年相比，VFC 合格青少年明显不太可能是白人，不太可能居住在郊区，更有可能生活在贫困中，母亲更年轻，教育程度更低。在全国范围内，非 VFC 合格青少年 Tdap 接种率为 57.1%（+/-1.5%），MCV4 接种率为 55.4%（+/-1.5%），HPV4 接种率为 43.2%（+/-2.2%）。VFC 合格青少年 Tdap 接种率为 52.5%（+/-2.4%），MCV4 接种率为 50.1%（+/-2.4%），HPV4 接种率为 46.6%（+/-3.5%）。只有 27.5%（+/-1.8%）的非 VFC 合格青少年和 25.0%（+/-2.9%）的 VFC 合格青少年接受了 3 剂 HPV4 疫苗。非 VFC 合格青少年的 Tdap 和 MCV4 疫苗接种覆盖率明显高于 VFC 合格青少年，但 HPV4 的一剂或三剂疫苗接种覆盖率并非如此。结论。与非 VFC 合格青少年相比，VFC 合格青少年的一些推荐疫苗接种覆盖率较低。需要继续监测青少年疫苗接种率，特别是 VFC 合格人群的疫苗接种率，以确保所有青少年都接种所有常规推荐的疫苗。
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