MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Aug 20;59(32):1018-23.
The Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that adolescents routinely receive the following vaccines: meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY, 1 dose); tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap, 1 dose); and (for females) human papillomavirus (HPV, 3 doses). Adolescents also should receive the following recommended vaccinations they missed during childhood: measles, mumps, rubella (MMR, 2 doses); hepatitis B (HepB, 3 doses); and varicella (VAR, 2 doses). Since 2006, CDC has conducted the National Immunization Survey--Teen (NIS-Teen) to estimate vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 years. This report summarizes results from 2009 NIS-Teen and updates data from 2008 NIS-Teen. Comparing 2009 with 2008, vaccination coverage among adolescents for the three routinely administered adolescent vaccines increased for Tdap (from 40.8% to 55.6%), MenACWY (from 41.8% to 53.6%), >or=1 dose of HPV (from 37.2% to 44.3%), and >or=3 doses of HPV (from 17.9% to 26.7%). Vaccination coverage varied widely among states; four states (Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island) had coverage of >60% for all three of the routinely administered adolescent vaccines (Tdap, MenACWY, and HPV). Nationally, Healthy People 2010 vaccination objectives of 90% coverage among adolescents aged 13-15 years were met for >or=3 doses of HepB and >or=1 dose of VAR. Coverage with routine adolescent vaccines is increasing; however, more effort, including identification and dissemination of successful state-based practices, is needed to continue to increase the number of adolescents vaccinated according to ACIP recommendations.
免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）建议青少年定期接种以下疫苗：脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗（MenACWY，1 剂）；破伤风、白喉、无细胞百日咳（Tdap，1 剂）；和（女性）人乳头瘤病毒（HPV，3 剂）。青少年还应接种以下在儿童时期错过的推荐疫苗：麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹（MMR，2 剂）；乙型肝炎（HepB，3 剂）；和水痘（VAR，2 剂）。自 2006 年以来，CDC 开展了全国青少年免疫调查（NIS-Teen），以估计 13-17 岁青少年的疫苗接种率。本报告总结了 2009 年 NIS-Teen 的结果，并更新了 2008 年 NIS-Teen 的数据。与 2008 年相比，青少年三种常规接种疫苗的接种率均有所提高，Tdap（从 40.8%增加到 55.6%）、MenACWY（从 41.8%增加到 53.6%）、>或=1 剂 HPV（从 37.2%增加到 44.3%）和>或=3 剂 HPV（从 17.9%增加到 26.7%）。各州之间的疫苗接种率差异很大；有四个州（康涅狄格州、马萨诸塞州、新罕布什尔州和罗得岛州）对所有三种常规接种疫苗（Tdap、MenACWY 和 HPV）的覆盖率均超过 60%。在全国范围内，13-15 岁青少年中 90%的 2010 年健康人疫苗接种目标达到了 HepB 的>或=3 剂和 VAR 的>或=1 剂。常规青少年疫苗的接种率正在上升；然而，需要更多的努力，包括确定和传播成功的州级实践，以继续按照 ACIP 的建议增加接种疫苗的青少年人数。
