Neves Ilzenayde Araújo, da Camara Claudio Augusto Gomes
Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernmabuco, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil.
Nat Prod Commun. 2011 Jun;6(6):893-9.
Volatile components of essential oils from the leaves and stems of Croton jacobinensis, C. rhamnifolius, C. muscicapa and C. micans, which are medicinal plants found in the Caatinga biome of northeastern Brazil, were analyzed using GC and GC/MS. The acaricidal activity of these oils against Tetranychus urticae was evaluated using the fumigation method. Oil yields from the Croton species ranged from 1.1 +/- 0.0 to 0.6 +/- 0.0%, w/w, for leaves and 0.7 +/- 0.0 to 0.1 +/- 0.0% for stems. Sesquiterpenoids were dominant in all oils, except the stem oil from C. rhamnifolius, which exhibited a high monoterpene content, and the leaf and stem oils from C. muscicapa, which were rich in phenylpropanoids. The major volatile components of the leaf and stem oils from C. jacobinensis were (Z)-alpha-atlantone (24.3 +/- 0.4%) and trans-isolongifolanone (22.8 +/- 0.5%), respectively. The most abundant constituents detected in C. rhamnifolius were alpha-cedrene epoxide (23.3 +/- 0.1%) and caryophyllene oxide (21.9 +/- 0.0%) in the leaf oil, and camphor (16.6 +/- 0.5%) and tricyclene (12.8 +/- 0.1%) in the stem oil. Foenicolin was the main compound identified in the leaf (50.6 +/- 0.2%) and stem (72.7 +/- 0.6%) oils of C. muscicapa, while alpha-bulnesene (32.9 +/- 0.2%) and guaiol (17.9 +/- 0.7%) were the principal components of C. micans oils. These oils exhibited a high degree of toxicity in the fumigation assay. The stem oils from C. jacobinensis and C. rhamnifolius exhibited high lethality rates, with LC50 values of 0.3 and 0.2 microL/L of air after 24 h, respectively. The results suggest the potential use of stem essential oil, especially from C. rhamnifolius and C. jacobinensis, for the integrated control of Tetranychus urticae.
对来自巴西东北部卡廷加生物群落中发现的药用植物雅各宾巴豆、鼠李叶巴豆、食蝇巴豆和微糙巴豆的叶和茎的精油挥发性成分进行了气相色谱（GC）和气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC/MS）分析。采用熏蒸法评估了这些精油对二斑叶螨的杀螨活性。巴豆属植物的叶出油率为1.1±0.0%至0.6±0.0%（w/w），茎出油率为0.7±0.0%至0.1±0.0%。除鼠李叶巴豆的茎油单萜含量高，以及食蝇巴豆的叶和茎油富含苯丙素类化合物外，所有精油中倍半萜类化合物占主导地位。雅各宾巴豆叶和茎油的主要挥发性成分分别为（Z）-α-亚特兰酮（24.3±0.4%）和反式异长叶烯酮（22.8±0.5%）。在鼠李叶巴豆油中检测到的最丰富成分，叶油中为α-雪松烯环氧化物（23.3±0.1%）和石竹烯氧化物（21.9±0.0%），茎油中为樟脑（16.6±0.5%）和三环烯（12.8±0.1%）。食蝇巴豆叶油（50.6±0.2%）和茎油（72.7±0.6%）中鉴定出的主要化合物是小茴香灵，而微糙巴豆油的主要成分是α-布藜烯（32.9±0.2%）和愈创木醇（17.9±0.7%）。在熏蒸试验中，这些精油表现出高度毒性。雅各宾巴豆和鼠李叶巴豆的茎油表现出高致死率，24小时后空气中的LC50值分别为0.3和0.2微升/升。结果表明，茎精油，尤其是来自鼠李叶巴豆和雅各宾巴豆的茎精油，在二斑叶螨的综合防治中具有潜在用途。
