Kramer Marlene, Maguire Patrica, Halfer Diana, Brewer Barbara, Schmalenberg Claudia
Health Science Research Associates, Apache Junction, AZ 85219, USA.
West J Nurs Res. 2013 Apr;35(4):459-96. doi: 10.1177/0193945911415555. Epub 2011 Aug 4.
Do Nurse Residency Programs (NRPs) reflect the professional socialization process? Residency facilitators in 34 Magnet hospitals completed Residency Program Questionnaires constructed to reflect the goals, themes, components, and strategies of the professional socialization process described in the literature. NRPs in 4 hospitals exemplified the complete two-stage (role transition and role/community integration) process. In 14 hospitals, NRPs were of sufficient length and contained components that reflected the professional socialization process. In 16 hospitals, NRPs exemplified the "becoming" role transition stage. What components are most effective in the professional socialization of new graduate nurses? A total of 907 new and experienced nurses, nurse managers, and educators working on clinical units with confirmed healthy work environments in 20 Magnet hospitals with additional "excellence designations" were interviewed. Components identified as most instrumental were precepted experience, reflective seminars, skill acquisition, reflective practice sessions, evidence-based management projects, and clinical coaching-mentoring sessions. Suggestions for improvement of NRPs are offered.
护士住院医师项目（NRPs）是否反映了专业社会化过程？34家磁石医院的住院医师培训促进者完成了住院医师项目调查问卷，该问卷旨在反映文献中描述的专业社会化过程的目标、主题、组成部分和策略。4家医院的NRPs体现了完整的两阶段（角色转变和角色/社区融入）过程。14家医院的NRPs时长足够，且包含反映专业社会化过程的组成部分。16家医院的NRPs体现了“角色转变”阶段。在新毕业护士的专业社会化过程中，哪些组成部分最有效？对在20家具有额外“卓越称号”的磁石医院中，在已确认具有健康工作环境的临床科室工作的907名新老护士、护士长和教育工作者进行了访谈。被认为最具影响力的组成部分包括带教经验、反思研讨会、技能获取、反思实践课程、循证管理项目和临床指导-辅导课程。文中还提供了改进NRPs的建议。
