Sithithaworn Paiboon, Andrews Ross H, Petney Trevor N, Saijuntha Weerachai, Laoprom Nonglak
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Parasitol Int. 2012 Mar;61(1):32-7. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2011.07.020. Epub 2011 Jul 29.
Together with host and environmental factors, the systematics and population genetic variation of Opisthorchis viverrini may contribute to recorded local and regional differences in epidemiology and host morbidity in opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). In this review, we address recent findings that O. viverrini comprises a species complex with varying degrees of population genetic variation which are associated with specific river wetland systems within Thailand as well as the Lao PDR. Having an accurate understanding of systematics is a prerequisite for a meaningful assessment of the population structure of each species within the O. viverrini complex in nature, as well as a better understanding of the magnitude of genetic variation that occurs within different species of hosts in its life cycle. Whether specific genotypes are related to habitat type(s) and/or specific intermediate host species are discussed based on current available data. Most importantly, we focus on whether there is a correlation between incidence of CCA and genotype(s) of O. viverrini. This will provide a solid basis for further comprehensive investigations of the role of genetic variation within each species of O. viverrini sensu lato in human epidemiology and genotype related morbidity as well as co-evolution of parasites with primary and secondary intermediate species of host.
与宿主和环境因素一起，华支睾吸虫的系统分类学和种群遗传变异可能导致在华支睾吸虫病和胆管癌（CCA）的流行病学以及宿主发病率方面所记录的局部和区域差异。在本综述中，我们阐述了最近的研究发现，即华支睾吸虫是一个物种复合体，具有不同程度的种群遗传变异，这些变异与泰国以及老挝人民民主共和国境内特定的河流湿地系统相关。准确了解系统分类学是有意义地评估自然界中华支睾吸虫复合体内每个物种的种群结构的先决条件，也是更好地理解其生命周期内不同宿主物种中发生的遗传变异程度的前提。基于现有数据，讨论了特定基因型是否与栖息地类型和/或特定中间宿主物种相关。最重要的是，我们关注CCA的发病率与华支睾吸虫基因型之间是否存在相关性。这将为进一步全面研究广义华支睾吸虫复合体内每个物种的遗传变异在人类流行病学和基因型相关发病率中的作用以及寄生虫与第一和第二中间宿主物种的共同进化提供坚实基础。
