Pathak S
Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1990 Feb;8(4):299-318. doi: 10.1007/BF00052606.
There is a considerable amount of cytogenetic data available to support the statements that (1) cancer is a genetic disease; (2) most cancers are monoclonal in origin; (3) tumor cells are more genetically unstable than normal cells; (4) the genetic instability may be inherited, acquired, or both during the lifespan of the individual tumor; (5) tumor metastasis is a nonrandom, controlled process, and clonal in origin; (6) malignant tumors are genetically heterogeneous and contain multiple subpopulations that may differ in their biological properties; (7) some tumors might be difficult to treat successfully because of their resistant nature; and (8) tumor cells may acquire resistance because of gene amplification. For these reasons it is extremely important to study the biology of malignant tumor cells in order to determine their effective treatments and control this dreadful disease.
（1）癌症是一种遗传性疾病；（2）大多数癌症起源于单克隆；（3）肿瘤细胞比正常细胞在遗传上更不稳定；（4）在单个肿瘤的生命周期中，遗传不稳定性可能是遗传获得的，或两者兼而有之；（5）肿瘤转移是一个非随机、可控的过程，起源于克隆；（6）恶性肿瘤在遗传上是异质性的，包含多个生物学特性可能不同的亚群；（7）一些肿瘤可能因其耐药性而难以成功治疗；（8）肿瘤细胞可能由于基因扩增而获得耐药性。基于这些原因，研究恶性肿瘤细胞的生物学特性对于确定其有效治疗方法并控制这种可怕的疾病极为重要。
