Food Technology Div, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
J Food Sci. 2011 Sep;76(7):M486-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02303.x. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
A total of 154 food samples (chicken, fish, and ready-to-eat sprouts) from various retail outlets in Mumbai, India, were analyzed for the presence of Aeromonas spp. over a period of 2 y (January 2006 to March 2008). Twenty-two Aeromonas isolates belonging to 7 different species were isolated from 18 (11.7%) food samples. The highest percentages of isolation were from chicken (28.6%) followed by fish (20%) and sprout (2.5%) samples. Aeromonas caviae, A. veronii bv. sobria, and A. salmonicida were the most frequently isolated species from sprouts, chicken, and fish samples, respectively. The genes encoding for putative virulence factors, cytotoxic enterotoxin (act), hemolysin (hly), aerolysin (aer), elastase (ahyB), and lipase (lip) were detected using polymerase chain reaction method in 59.1%, 40.9%, 22.7%, 54.5%, and 31.8% of the strains, respectively. The isolated Aeromonas strains were found to be positive for virulence factors, that is, amylase, DNase, gelatinase, protease, and lipase production. More than 60% isolates were also positive for β-hemolytic activity. All these food isolates were found to be resistant to ampicillin and bacitracin, and sensitive to gentamicin, 3rd-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cephotaxime, ceftriaxone), and chloramphenicol. Seventeen (77.2%) isolates harbored single and/or multiple plasmids (approximately 5 to >16 kb). The XbaI digestion patterns of chromosomal DNA of these isolates, using pulsed field gel electrophoresis, showed high genetic diversity among these isolates. Our results demonstrate the presence of various Aeromonas spp. with virulence potential and antimicrobial resistance in different food products marketed in Mumbai, India. The potential health risks posed by consumption of these raw or undercooked food products should not be underestimated.
在 2 年的时间里（2006 年 1 月至 2008 年 3 月），从印度孟买的各种零售点采集了 154 份食品样本（鸡肉、鱼类和即食豆芽），用于检测气单胞菌属的存在。从 18 份（11.7%）食品样本中分离出 22 株属于 7 个不同种的气单胞菌属分离株。分离率最高的是鸡肉（28.6%），其次是鱼类（20%）和豆芽（2.5%）。从豆芽、鸡肉和鱼类样本中，最常分离到的物种分别是豚鼠气单胞菌、温和气单胞菌和鲑鱼气单胞菌。使用聚合酶链反应方法检测到编码推定毒力因子的基因，包括细胞毒性肠毒素（act）、溶血素（hly）、aerolysin（aer）、弹性蛋白酶（ahyB）和脂肪酶（lip），分别在 59.1%、40.9%、22.7%、54.5%和 31.8%的菌株中检测到。分离的气单胞菌菌株被发现对毒力因子，即淀粉酶、DNase、明胶酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶的产生呈阳性。超过 60%的分离株也对β-溶血活性呈阳性。所有这些食品分离株均对氨苄青霉素和杆菌肽具有抗性，对庆大霉素、第三代头孢菌素（头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松）和氯霉素敏感。17 株（77.2%）分离株携带单个和/或多个质粒（约 5 至 >16 kb）。使用脉冲场凝胶电泳对这些分离株的染色体 DNA 进行 XbaI 消化图谱分析，显示这些分离株之间存在高度遗传多样性。我们的研究结果表明，在印度孟买销售的不同食品中存在具有潜在毒力和抗微生物耐药性的各种气单胞菌属。不应低估食用这些生的或未煮熟的食品产品带来的潜在健康风险。
