Mateus A, Brodbelt D C, Barber N, Stärk K D C
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Campus, North Mymms, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX.
J Small Anim Pract. 2011 Oct;52(10):515-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2011.01098.x. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
To provide baseline data on patterns of antimicrobial usage in dogs and cats through the analysis of data stored in electronic practice management systems.
Clinical data from 11 first opinion veterinary practices were extracted for the year 2007. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to assess the usage of antimicrobials.
Widespread usage of systemic broad-spectrum antimicrobials was observed. Antimicrobials most frequently used in both species were potentiated amoxicillin (44·4% and 46.1% in cats and dogs, respectively) and amoxicillin (14·3% and 20·7%). Cephalexin (13·4%) and cefovecin (15·0%) were also commonly used in dogs and cats, respectively. Systemic critically important antimicrobials in human medicine were widely used in dogs (60·5%) and cats (82·7%). Topical antimicrobials used in both species included fusidic acid (48·4% and 54·8%), framycetin (20·4% and 13·4%), polymyxin B (12·6% and 9·3%) and neomycin (6·5% and 6·6%).
Inappropriate usage of broad-spectrum antimicrobials may contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance and loss of efficacy of antimicrobials in veterinary settings. Data recorded in practice management systems were demonstrated to be a practical source for monitoring antimicrobial usage in pets.
通过分析电子执业管理系统中存储的数据，提供犬猫抗菌药物使用模式的基线数据。
提取了11家一级兽医诊所2007年的临床数据。进行描述性统计分析以评估抗菌药物的使用情况。
观察到全身用广谱抗菌药物的广泛使用。两种动物中最常用的抗菌药物是增效阿莫西林（猫和狗分别为44.4%和46.1%）和阿莫西林（14.3%和20.7%）。头孢氨苄（13.4%）和头孢维星（15.0%）也分别常用于犬猫。人类医学中具有高度重要性的全身用抗菌药物在犬（60.5%）和猫（82.7%）中广泛使用。两种动物使用的外用抗菌药物包括夫西地酸（48.4%和54.8%）、新霉素（20.4%和13.4%）、多粘菌素B（12.6%和9.3%）和新霉素（6.5%和6.6%）。
广谱抗菌药物的不当使用可能导致兽医环境中抗菌药物耐药性的产生和抗菌药物疗效的丧失。实践管理系统中记录的数据被证明是监测宠物抗菌药物使用情况的实用来源。
