Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Sep 15;409(20):4289-96. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.07.014. Epub 2011 Aug 9.
Biopharmaceutical R&D complexes are major emission sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which may pose potential health risks for staff on site and residents nearby. In this paper health risk assessments were performed for the VOCs in the ambient air of a typical biopharmaceutical R&D complex in China. Results showed halogenated and alkyl compounds were dominant components among 24 major VOCs from 9 selected sampling sites, inside or around the complex. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicated VOCs were generated predominantly from the biopharmaceutical research activities (factor 1 (F1), 71.6%) and traffic vehicles (factor 2 (F2), 15.4%), which were confirmed by contour maps of five selected VOCs (benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, methylene chloride and n-hexane) simulated by Golden Software Surfer. The cumulative cancer risks for the staff on site and residents nearby were investigated and results showed the risk value were 1.01E--5 and 2.03E--5, respectively, higher than the threshold value of 1.0E--6. These results indicated that elevated VOCs from biopharmaceutical R&D complex are potential risks to the public health. Furthermore, the human health risk assessment revealed that 1,2-dichloroethane, methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride and benzene were the dominant risk contributors for staff on site, while methyl chloride, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane and tetrahydrofuran for residents nearby. As a conclusion, this work suggests that proper control strategy should be taken for VOCs releasing to minimize the public health risks, especially for the halogenated compounds.
生物医药研发综合体是挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的主要排放源，这些化合物可能对现场工作人员和附近居民构成潜在健康风险。本文对中国典型生物医药研发综合体环境空气中的 VOCs 进行了健康风险评估。结果表明，在所选择的 9 个采样点中，24 种主要 VOCs 中以卤代和烷基化合物为主。主成分分析（PCA）表明，VOCs 主要来源于生物医药研究活动（因子 1（F1），71.6%）和交通车辆（因子 2（F2），15.4%），这一点通过对 5 种选定 VOCs（苯、甲苯、氯苯、二氯甲烷和正己烷）的等值线图得到了证实，这些 VOCs 是由 Golden Software Surfer 模拟的。调查了现场工作人员和附近居民的累积癌症风险，结果表明，风险值分别为 1.01E--5 和 2.03E--5，高于 1.0E--6 的阈值。这些结果表明，来自生物医药研发综合体的高浓度 VOCs 对公众健康构成潜在风险。此外，人体健康风险评估表明，1,2-二氯乙烷、二氯甲烷、四氯化碳和苯是现场工作人员的主要风险贡献者，而一氯甲烷、四氯化碳、1,2-二氯乙烷和四氢呋喃则是附近居民的主要风险贡献者。总之，这项工作表明，应采取适当的控制策略来减少 VOCs 的释放，以最大限度地降低公众健康风险，尤其是针对卤代化合物。
