Telefono Rosso - Teratology Information Service, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011 Nov;159(1):106-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.07.042. Epub 2011 Aug 9.
High-risk behaviours are associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Exposure to drugs, infection or radiation is a cause of concern for pregnant women, who contact Teratology Information Services (TIS) to have a counseling but with an accurate medical history is possible to detect additional behavioural risk factors that can significantly interfere with pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study is to describe risk behaviours in a population of Italian women calling our TIS and to identify related maternal factors.
Between December 2008 and January 2010 we collected data from 503 pregnant women calling our TIS (Telefono Rosso, Rome). We investigated about smoke, alcohol and abuse substances addiction and we also collected demographic data.
Of the 503 women consenting to participate 34% were found to have an additional risk marker during the current pregnancy. Within this group were 22.7% (n=119) who reported smoking, the 17.7% (n=89) admitted to drink and 2 women (0.4%) used illicit drugs. In 13.7% of cases (n=69) reason for calling represented an exposure to teratogenic agents. Unmarried status and previous induced abortion represent a risk factor for all high-risk behaviours. Lower education (p<0.001) and use of neurological drugs (p<0.001) are related with cigarette consumption. A lower parity was a risk factor for alcohol assumption (p=0.04). Women with high-risk behaviours tend to be exposed to more than a risk factor.
Teratogen Information Services are an important system to identify women with pregnancy risk markers. These services should have the ability to provide risk reduction information to women who smoke cigarettes or with alcohol or drug use. In addition to the phone based information these women may benefit from referral back to their physician for assessment and management of substance use/abuse during pregnancy. Substance abuse risks are often underestimated by pregnant women. Single mothers or women with an history of terminations of pregnancy represents an high-risk population. Physicians should inform their patients about possible risks related to high-risk behaviours during preconception counseling or during the first obstetric visit.
高危行为与不良妊娠结局的风险增加有关。孕妇接触毒品、感染或辐射会引起关注，她们会联系致畸信息服务（TIS）进行咨询，但只有准确的病史才能发现其他可能对妊娠结局产生重大影响的行为风险因素。本研究旨在描述拨打我们 TIS 的意大利女性人群中的风险行为，并确定相关的产妇因素。
2008 年 12 月至 2010 年 1 月，我们从拨打我们 TIS（罗马红电话）的 503 名孕妇中收集数据。我们调查了吸烟、酒精和滥用物质成瘾情况，并收集了人口统计学数据。
在同意参与的 503 名女性中，34%的人在当前妊娠期间发现了另一个风险标志物。在这一组中，有 22.7%（n=119）报告吸烟，17.7%（n=89）承认饮酒，有 2 名女性（0.4%）使用非法药物。在 13.7%的情况下（n=69），打电话的原因是接触致畸剂。未婚状况和先前的人工流产是所有高危行为的危险因素。较低的教育程度（p<0.001）和使用神经药物（p<0.001）与吸烟有关。较低的生育次数是饮酒的危险因素（p=0.04）。有高危行为的女性往往会接触到不止一个危险因素。
致畸信息服务是识别有妊娠风险标志物的女性的重要系统。这些服务应该有能力向吸烟或饮酒或使用药物的女性提供减少风险的信息。除了电话信息外，这些女性可能还会受益于转介给她们的医生，以评估和管理怀孕期间的物质使用/滥用。孕妇往往低估了物质滥用的风险。单身母亲或有终止妊娠史的女性是高危人群。医生应该在孕前咨询或首次产科就诊时告知患者与高危行为相关的可能风险。
