Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Benef Microbes. 2010 Jun;1(2):197-207. doi: 10.3920/BM2009.0027.
The effects of diets supplemented with either chickpea or its main oligosaccharide raffinose on the composition of the faecal microbial community were examined in 12 healthy adults (18-65 years) in a randomised crossover intervention study. Subjects consumed their usual diet supplemented with soups and desserts that were unfortified, or fortified with either 200 g/d of canned chickpeas or 5 g/d of raffinose for 3 week periods. Changes in faecal bacterial populations of subjects were examined using 16S rRNA-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP) and clone libraries generated from the diet pools. Classification of the clone libraries and T-RFLP analysis revealed that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, reported to be an efficient butyrate producer and a highly metabolically active bacterium in the human intestinal microbiota, was more abundant in the raffinose diet and the chickpea diet compared to the control diet. However, no significant difference was observed in the faecal total short chain fatty acid concentration or in the levels of the components (butyrate, acetate and propionate) with the chickpea diet or the raffinose diet compared to the control diet. Bifidobacterium species were detected by T-RFLP in all three diet groups and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis showed a marginal increase in 16S rRNA gene copies of Bifidobacterium with the raffinose diet compared to control (P>0.05). The number of individuals showing TRFs for the Clostridium histolyticum - Clostridum lituseburense groups, which include pathogenic bacteria species and putrefactive bacteria, were lower in the chickpea diet compared to the other two treatments. Diet appeared to affect colonisation by a high ammonia-producing bacterial isolate which was detected in 83%, 92% and 42% of individuals in the control, raffinose and chickpea groups, respectively. Our results indicate that chickpea and raffinose have the potential to modulate the intestinal microbial composition to promote intestinal health in humans.
在一项随机交叉干预研究中，12 名健康成年人（18-65 岁）接受了补充鹰嘴豆或其主要低聚糖棉子糖的饮食，研究了饮食对粪便微生物群落组成的影响。受试者食用常规饮食，并补充未经强化的汤和甜点，或补充 200 克/天罐装鹰嘴豆或 5 克/天棉子糖，持续 3 周。使用基于 16S rRNA 的末端限制性片段长度多态性（T-RFLP）和从饮食池中生成的克隆文库，检查了受试者粪便细菌种群的变化。分类克隆文库和 T-RFLP 分析表明，普拉梭菌（Faecalibacterium prausnitzii）被报道为一种有效的丁酸盐产生菌，也是人类肠道微生物群中高度代谢活跃的细菌，在棉子糖饮食和鹰嘴豆饮食中比对照饮食更为丰富。然而，与对照饮食相比，鹰嘴豆饮食或棉子糖饮食对粪便总短链脂肪酸浓度或各成分（丁酸、乙酸和丙酸）水平没有显著影响。T-RFLP 在所有三种饮食组中均检测到双歧杆菌属，定量实时 PCR（qPCR）分析显示，与对照相比，棉子糖饮食中双歧杆菌属 16S rRNA 基因拷贝数略有增加（P>0.05）。与其他两种处理相比，在鹰嘴豆饮食中，包含致病性细菌和腐败性细菌的溶组织梭菌-溶组织丁酸弧菌组的 TRFs 数量较低。饮食似乎影响高氨产生细菌的定植，该细菌在对照组、棉子糖组和鹰嘴豆组中分别有 83%、92%和 42%的个体中被检测到。我们的结果表明，鹰嘴豆和棉子糖有可能调节肠道微生物组成，从而促进人类肠道健康。
