Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Thromb Haemost. 2011 Oct;106(4):585-90. doi: 10.1160/TH11-03-0184. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been perceived for a long time to be less common in Asian populations, particularly in the Far East, than in Western populations. Generally, thromboprophylaxis is not implemented as frequently as it should be in high-risk patients. However, recent prospective studies undertaken in Asian countries have demonstrated higher rates of VTE after major surgery and in medical wards, approaching those observed in Western populations. Risk factors for VTE are not different in Asian patients from those of Western patients with the exception of thrombophilic mutations. Deficiencies of the natural anticoagulants (protein S, protein C, and antithrombin) are the predominant thrombophilias in Asia whereas factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A gene mutation are not found or rarely reported. Further large well-designed clinical studies are needed to evaluate the magnitude of the risk of VTE and the appropriate use of thromboprophylaxis in different clinical situations.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）在很长一段时间内被认为在亚洲人群中，尤其是在远东地区，比在西方人群中少见。一般来说，高风险患者的血栓预防措施并没有得到应有的实施。然而，最近在亚洲国家进行的前瞻性研究表明，大手术后和医疗病房中的 VTE 发生率较高，接近西方人群观察到的水平。亚洲患者的 VTE 风险因素与西方患者没有不同，除了血栓形成突变。与西方患者不同，亚洲患者的天然抗凝剂（蛋白 S、蛋白 C 和抗凝血酶）缺乏是主要的血栓形成倾向，而因子 V Leiden 和凝血酶原 G20210A 基因突变不存在或很少报道。需要进一步进行大型、精心设计的临床研究，以评估不同临床情况下 VTE 的风险程度和血栓预防措施的适当使用。
