Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Le Chesnay, France.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2012 May;20(3):182-9. doi: 10.1002/erv.1140. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
The aim of this study was to examine how far Goodman's addictive disorder criteria were met by individuals with eating disorders according to subtypes. The study provided a cross-sectional comparison among three samples of eating disorders [restricting anorexia nervosa (R-AN), N = 68; purging anorexia nervosa (P-AN), N = 42; and bulimia nervosa (BN), N = 66], a sample of substance-related disorders (SRDs, N = 48) and a sample of matched controls (N = 201). Diagnosis of addictive disorder was made following Goodman's criteria. Addictive personality traits were assessed with the Addiction Potential Scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory--2 and with the Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale. Results showed that individuals with BN met Goodman's addictive disorder criteria in the same proportion as drug-addicted individuals (65% vs 60%, p = NS). They both showed higher rates than R-AN individuals (35%; R-AN versus BN: F = 11.9, p < 0.001 and R-AN versus SRD: F = 7.16, p < 0.01). Although BN and SRD showed higher rates of addictive disorders compared with P-AN, differences were not significant. Scores on the Sensation Seeking and on the Addictive Potential scales paralleled the distribution of addictive disorders, with individuals with BN and with P-AN showing higher levels than individuals with R-AN. Results showed that a subgroup of individuals with an eating disorder experiences their disorder as an addiction and may deserve specific therapeutic attention.
这项研究的目的是检验古德曼（Goodman）的成瘾障碍标准在多大程度上适用于根据亚型划分的饮食障碍患者。研究对三个饮食障碍样本（限制型神经性厌食症（R-AN），N=68；暴食型神经性厌食症（P-AN），N=42；和神经性贪食症（BN），N=66）、一个物质相关障碍样本（SRD，N=48）和一组匹配的对照组（N=201）进行了横断面比较。根据古德曼的标准诊断成瘾障碍。使用明尼苏达多相人格问卷-2 的成瘾倾向量表和祖克曼感觉寻求量表评估成瘾人格特质。结果表明，BN 患者符合古德曼成瘾障碍标准的比例与药物成瘾者相同（65%比 60%，p=NS）。他们的比例均高于 R-AN 患者（35%；R-AN 与 BN：F=11.9，p<0.001；R-AN 与 SRD：F=7.16，p<0.01）。尽管 BN 和 SRD 的成瘾障碍发生率高于 P-AN，但差异无统计学意义。感觉寻求和成瘾倾向量表的得分与成瘾障碍的分布相平行，BN 和 P-AN 患者的得分高于 R-AN 患者。结果表明，饮食障碍患者中有一个亚组将其疾病视为成瘾，可能需要特定的治疗关注。
