预测注意缺陷多动障碍症状的早期发展进程。
Predicting the Early Developmental Course of Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
作者信息
von Stauffenberg Camilla, Campbell Susan B
机构信息
University of Pittsburgh.
出版信息
J Appl Dev Psychol. 2007 Sep;28(5-6):536-552. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2007.06.011.
Abstract
Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care were examined to test whether: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms remain stable from 54 months through early elementary school; behavioral inhibition and attention deficits assessed at 54 months predict ADHD symptoms in elementary school, even after controlling for their temporal stability; and early behavioral inhibition and attention deficits moderate the longitudinal stability in ADHD symptoms. Data were examined using continuous and categorical measures of symptoms. Modest stability in ADHD symptoms from 54 months to third grade was found. Measures of inhibition and inattention predicted later teacher ratings uniquely, but no evidence was found for moderation. Measures of preschool behavioral inhibition also predicted "persistently at risk status" defined by elevated teacher ratings over time. Results are discussed in terms of executive and motivational facets of inhibition that may be related to early signs of ADHD.
摘要
对美国国立儿童健康与人类发展研究所早期儿童保育研究的数据进行了分析，以检验以下内容：注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状从54个月到小学早期是否保持稳定；即使在控制了54个月时评估的行为抑制和注意力缺陷的时间稳定性之后，这些因素是否仍能预测小学阶段的ADHD症状；以及早期行为抑制和注意力缺陷是否会调节ADHD症状的纵向稳定性。使用症状的连续和分类测量方法对数据进行了分析。结果发现，从54个月到三年级，ADHD症状具有一定程度的稳定性。抑制和注意力不集中的测量指标能够独特地预测后来教师的评分，但未发现调节作用的证据。学前行为抑制的测量指标也能预测由教师评分随时间升高所定义的“持续处于风险状态”。从可能与ADHD早期迹象相关的抑制的执行和动机方面对结果进行了讨论。
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