Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Padova, Italy.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2011 Oct;20(10):1565-71. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2011.2780. Epub 2011 Aug 12.
Both low and high iron levels have been associated with cardiovascular outcome. The aim of this study was to determine if dietary iron intake is a cardiovascular predictor in women at a population level.
A 138-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was administered to 906 women aged 61.1±17.1 years from an unselected general population followed for 10 years. The mass of dietary items was calculated, and each food was resolved into its chemical components according to food composition tables conceived for Italian food.
An inverse association between iron intake and cardiovascular morbidity was found. Incident nonfatal cerebrovascular events were 10 of 302 (3.3%), 4 of 302 (1.3%), and 2 of 302 (0.7%) in the first, second, and third tertiles of nonheme iron intake (p for trend <0.01), respectively; fatal cerebrovascular events were 20 of 302 (6.6%), 13 of 302 (4.3%), and 5 of 302 (1.7%), respectively (p<0.01); nonfatal coronary events were 24 of 302 (7.9%), 13 of 302 (4.3%), and 10 of 302 (3.3%), respectively, and fatal coronary events were 20 of 302 (6.6%), 15 of 302 (5.0%), and 10 of 302 (3.3%), respectively (p<0.01). Independenly of confounders, hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of being the first rather than third tertile of nonheme iron intake were 5.00 (1.08-23.26), 3.18 (1.41-10.12), and 3.25 (1.39-7.59), respectively, for cerebrovascular and 2.48 (1.17-5.25), 2.25 (1.03-4.80), and 2.51 (1.39-4.53), respectively, for coronary events. Heme iron intake was not a predictor.
Based on a longitudinal population analysis, low iron intake seems to be an independent predictor of cerebrovascular and coronary morbidity and mortality in women.
低铁和高铁水平都与心血管结局有关。本研究的目的是确定在人群水平上，膳食铁摄入量是否是心血管的预测因素。
对 906 名年龄为 61.1±17.1 岁的未选择的普通人群进行了 138 项食物频率问卷（FFQ）调查，随访 10 年。计算膳食项目的质量，根据为意大利食物设计的食物成分表，将每种食物分解为其化学成分。
铁摄入量与心血管发病率呈负相关。非致命性脑血管事件的发生率在非血红素铁摄入量第一、二、三分位组中分别为 302 例中的 10 例（3.3%）、4 例（1.3%）和 2 例（0.7%）（趋势 p<0.01）；致命性脑血管事件分别为 302 例中的 20 例（6.6%）、13 例（4.3%）和 5 例（1.7%）（p<0.01）；非致命性冠心病事件分别为 302 例中的 24 例（7.9%）、13 例（4.3%）和 10 例（3.3%），而致命性冠心病事件分别为 302 例中的 20 例（6.6%）、15 例（5.0%）和 10 例（3.3%）（p<0.01）。在排除混杂因素后，非血红素铁摄入量处于第一而非第三分位组的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）分别为脑血管疾病 5.00（1.08-23.26）、3.18（1.41-10.12）和 3.25（1.39-7.59），冠心病事件为 2.48（1.17-5.25）、2.25（1.03-4.80）和 2.51（1.39-4.53）。血红素铁摄入量不是预测因素。
基于一项纵向人群分析，低铁摄入似乎是女性脑血管和冠心病发病率和死亡率的独立预测因素。
