Department of Nutrition and Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, CB # 8120 University Square, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-3997, USA.
Econ Hum Biol. 2012 Mar;10(2):139-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2011.07.005. Epub 2011 Jul 26.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationships among income, diet, physical activity behaviors and overweight among Russian children during a period of economic upheaval. Subjects include 2151 schoolchildren aged 7-13 derived from cross-sectional waves of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Surveys in 1995 and in 2002. Diet was assessed by 24-h recall and physical activity (h/week) and household income by parental questionnaire. Hours spent in vigorous activities were low (1.0-1.5 h/week), and time spent in sedentary behaviors increased from 31 to 37 h/week between 1995 and 2002. In 1995 there was a direct relationship of income to energy and fat intake, and time spent in vigorous activity, and an inverse relationship of income to h/week spent in moderate activities (such as walking to school). The effect of having low income parents was less in 2002 than in 1995. Overweight prevalence did not differ significantly by income in either year, but there was a significant decline in overweight among high income children. Only hours spent in moderate physical activity was moderately protective against overweight. Income disparities do not explain trends in overweight among Russian children.
本研究旨在探讨经济动荡时期俄罗斯儿童的收入、饮食、体力活动行为与超重之间的关系。研究对象为来自 1995 年和 2002 年俄罗斯纵向监测调查的横断面波的 2151 名 7-13 岁的学童。饮食通过 24 小时回顾法评估，体力活动（小时/周）和家庭收入通过父母问卷评估。剧烈活动时间较低（1.0-1.5 小时/周），而久坐行为时间从 1995 年到 2002 年从 31 小时增加到 37 小时。1995 年，收入与能量和脂肪摄入以及剧烈活动时间呈直接关系，与每周中等强度活动（如步行上学）时间呈反比关系。2002 年，低收入父母的影响小于 1995 年。在这两年中，收入与超重患病率之间没有显著差异，但高收入儿童的超重率显著下降。只有中等强度体力活动时间对超重有适度的保护作用。收入差距并不能解释俄罗斯儿童超重率的变化趋势。
