Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, D-68131Mannheim, Germany.
Psychol Aging. 2012 Jun;27(2):484-97. doi: 10.1037/a0024729. Epub 2011 Aug 15.
Younger adults' "remember" judgments are accompanied by better memory for the source of an item than "know" judgments. Furthermore, remember judgments are not merely associated with better memory for individual source features but also with bound memory for multiple source features. However, older adults, independent of their subjective memory experience, are generally less likely to "bind" source features to an item and to each other in memory (i.e., the associative deficit). In two experiments, we tested whether memory for perceptual source features, independently or bound, is also the basis for older adults' remember responses or if their associative deficit leads them to base their responses on other types of information. The results suggest that retrieval of perceptual source features, individually or bound, forms the basis for younger but not for older adults' remember judgments even when the overall level of memory for perceptual sources is closely equated (Experiment 1) and when attention is explicitly directed to the source information at encoding (Experiment 2).
年轻人的“记得”判断伴随着对项目来源的记忆比“知道”判断更好。此外，“记得”判断不仅与对单个来源特征的更好记忆相关，而且与对多个来源特征的绑定记忆相关。然而，无论主观记忆体验如何，老年人普遍不太可能将来源特征“绑定”到记忆中的项目中，也不太可能将它们彼此“绑定”（即联想缺陷）。在两项实验中，我们测试了记忆的感知来源特征，独立或绑定，是否也是老年人“记得”反应的基础，或者他们的联想缺陷是否导致他们基于其他类型的信息做出反应。结果表明，即使在整体感知来源记忆水平相当（实验 1）并且在编码时明确将注意力指向来源信息（实验 2）时，检索感知来源特征，无论是单独的还是绑定的，都构成了年轻人但不是老年人“记得”判断的基础。
