Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Oct 11;137(3):1337-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.069. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
Phyllanthus simplex (Family: Euphorbiacae) is widely used in traditional medicines for treatment of various diseases including inflammation.
Petroleum ether extract (PSPE) and ethanol extract (PSEE) of the whole plant of Phyllanthus simplex were characterized for their total phenolics, tannins and flavonoids content. These extracts were standardized by HPTLC using phyllanthin and gallic acid respectively as markers. Antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by the DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide radicals scavenging assay. The total antioxidant capacity of extracts was determined. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by their effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in isolated rat peritoneal macrophages; carragennan-induced paw edema and formation of cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rats.
Abundance of phenolics was found in PSEE. Phyllanthin and gallic acid content in PSPE and PSEE were found to be 14.5 and 0.65% (w/w) respectively. PSEE showed concentration dependent significant scavenging of DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide radicals with IC(50) values 102.219, 171.485 and 24.73 μg/ml respectively. PSEE significantly inhibited NO production in isolated rat peritoneum macrophages. Moreover, it also exhibited significant inhibition of carragennan-induced paw edema (58.48 ± 0.028%, p < 0.001, at 6h, 200 mg/kg oral dose) and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation (45.671 ± 0.712%, p < 0.001, at 200mg/kg oral dose). Anti-inflammatory activity of PSEE was found to be comparable to diclofenac sodium.
Significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were found in PSEE which may be attributed to its high phenolic content.
叶下珠（大戟科）在传统医学中被广泛用于治疗各种疾病，包括炎症。
叶下珠全草的石油醚提取物（PSPE）和乙醇提取物（PSEE）的总酚、单宁和类黄酮含量进行了表征。这些提取物分别用没食子酸和叶下珠素作为标记物，通过 HPTLC 进行标准化。提取物的抗氧化活性通过 DPPH、羟基和超氧自由基清除试验进行评估。提取物的总抗氧化能力也进行了测定。通过其对分离的大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞中一氧化氮（NO）产生的影响、角叉菜胶诱导的足肿胀以及大鼠棉籽诱导的肉芽肿形成来评价抗炎活性。
PSEE 中酚类物质含量丰富。PSPE 和 PSEE 中的叶下珠素和没食子酸含量分别为 14.5%和 0.65%（w/w）。PSEE 表现出浓度依赖性的 DPPH、羟基和超氧自由基清除作用，IC50 值分别为 102.219、171.485 和 24.73μg/ml。PSEE 显著抑制了分离的大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞中 NO 的产生。此外，它还显著抑制了角叉菜胶诱导的足肿胀（6h，200mg/kg 口服剂量时，58.48%±0.028%，p<0.001）和棉籽诱导的肉芽肿形成（200mg/kg 口服剂量时，45.671%±0.712%，p<0.001）。PSEE 的抗炎活性与双氯芬酸钠相当。
PSEE 具有显著的抗氧化和抗炎活性，这可能与其高酚含量有关。
