Institute of Naval Medicine, Alverstoke, PO12 2DL, UK.
Ergonomics. 2011 Sep;54(9):830-9. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2011.596948. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
The cognitive task demands of office workers and the self-control demands of their work roles were measured in a sample of 196 employees in two different office layouts using a self-report questionnaire, which was circulated electronically. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that both factors were associated with mental well-being, but not with physical well-being, while controlling for exposure to psychosocial stressors. The interaction between cognitive task demands and self-control demands had the strongest association with mental well-being, suggesting that the deleterious effect of one was greater when the other was present. An exploratory analysis revealed that the association was stronger for employees working in a large open-plan office than for those working in smaller offices with more privacy. Frustration of work goals was the cognitive task demand having the strongest negative impact on mental well-being. Methodological limitations and scale psychometrics (particularly the use of the NASA Task Load Index) are discussed. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Modern office work has high mental demands and low physical demands and there is a need to design offices to prevent adverse psychological reactions. It is shown that cognitive task demands interact with self-control demands to degrade mental well-being. The association was stronger in an open-plan office.
采用电子问卷对来自两种不同办公布局的 196 名员工进行了调查，以评估其认知任务需求和工作角色的自我控制需求。多元线性回归分析显示，在控制心理压力源暴露的情况下，这两个因素均与心理健康有关，而与身体健康无关。认知任务需求和自我控制需求之间的相互作用与心理健康的相关性最强，这表明当另一个因素存在时，一个因素的有害影响更大。探索性分析表明，在大型开放式办公室工作的员工中，这种关联比在隐私性更高、规模更小的办公室中工作的员工更强。工作目标受挫是对心理健康产生最不利影响的认知任务需求。讨论了方法学限制和量表心理计量学（特别是使用 NASA 任务负荷指数）。相关性的重要性陈述：现代办公工作具有较高的心理需求和较低的身体需求，因此需要设计办公室以防止产生不良的心理反应。结果表明，认知任务需求与自我控制需求相互作用，降低了心理健康水平。在开放式办公室中，这种关联更强。
