Chan L, Schrier R W
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver 80262.
Annu Rev Med. 1990;41:289-302. doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.41.020190.001445.
Calcium channel or entry blockers (CEBs) exert important vascular and tubular effects on the kidney. These renal effects include an enhancement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), and electrolyte excretion. Experimental studies in animals and humans indicate the potential therapeutic use of CEBs in several important clinical situations, for example attenuating the course of acute renal failure and slowing the progression of chronic renal failure. The latter effect appears to involve both the agent's antihypertensive effect and an additional cytoprotective effect. That CEBs help preserve renal function in renal transplantation has been shown in both animals and humans. In this setting, the effects of cyclosporine (CsA) and CEB on the immune system and on CsA hepatic metabolism are areas of importance for future research.
钙通道阻滞剂或钙内流阻滞剂（CEBs）对肾脏具有重要的血管和肾小管作用。这些肾脏作用包括肾小球滤过率（GFR）、肾血流量（RBF）和电解质排泄的增加。动物和人体实验研究表明，CEBs在几种重要的临床情况下具有潜在的治疗用途，例如减轻急性肾衰竭的病程和减缓慢性肾衰竭的进展。后一种作用似乎既涉及该药物的降压作用，又涉及额外的细胞保护作用。动物和人体研究均已表明，CEBs有助于在肾移植中保护肾功能。在这种情况下，环孢素（CsA）和CEBs对免疫系统以及对CsA肝脏代谢的影响是未来研究的重要领域。
