Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Intern Med. 2011 Nov;270(5):414-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02445.x. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
During gametogenesis, the female and male germ cells undergo a process whereby imprinting marks are erased from the genome. During the later stages of germ-cell development, the methylation marks of the female and male germ lines are re-established. A second phase of demethylation of the genome occurs at the time of fertilization, and during development of the early embryo. Assisted reproductive technology involves several steps that subject the gametes and early developing embryos to environmental stress, and this is the primary reason for an increased interest in the putative link between these techniques and imprinting disorders. Although animal studies support a link between assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) and imprinting disorders, via altered methylation patterns, data in humans are inconsistent. Here we provide an overview of the field of epigenetics in relation to ARTs.
在配子发生过程中，雌性和雄性生殖细胞经历一个印迹标记从基因组中被抹去的过程。在生殖细胞发育的后期，雌性和雄性生殖系的甲基化标记被重新建立。基因组的第二次去甲基化发生在受精时，以及早期胚胎发育过程中。辅助生殖技术涉及几个步骤，使配子和早期胚胎受到环境压力，这是人们对这些技术与印迹障碍之间可能存在联系的主要原因。尽管动物研究支持辅助生殖技术（ARTs）与通过改变甲基化模式导致的印迹障碍之间存在联系，但人类的数据并不一致。在这里，我们提供了一个关于与 ARTs 相关的表观遗传学领域的概述。
