Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Psychol Med. 2012 Mar;42(3):509-19. doi: 10.1017/S0033291711001516. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
Few studies have examined religiosity as a protective factor using a longitudinal design to predict resilience in persons at high risk for major depressive disorder (MDD).
High-risk offspring selected for having a depressed parent and control offspring of non-depressed parents were evaluated for psychiatric disorders in childhood/adolescence and at 10-year and 20-year follow-ups. Religious/spiritual importance, services attendance and negative life events (NLEs) were assessed at the 10-year follow-up. Models tested differences in relationships between religiosity/spirituality and subsequent disorders among offspring based on parent depression status, history of prior MDD and level of NLE exposure. Resilience was defined as lower odds for disorders with greater religiosity/spirituality in higher-risk versus lower-risk offspring.
Increased attendance was associated with significantly reduced odds for mood disorder (by 43%) and any psychiatric disorder (by 53%) in all offspring; however, odds were significantly lower in offspring of non-depressed parents than in offspring of depressed parents. In analyses confined to offspring of depressed parents, those with high and those with average/low NLE exposure were compared: increased attendance was associated with significantly reduced odds for MDD, mood disorder and any psychiatric disorder (by 76, 69 and 64% respectively) and increased importance was associated with significantly reduced odds for mood disorder (by 74%) only in offspring of depressed parents with high NLE exposure. Moreover, those associations differed significantly between offspring of depressed parents with high NLE exposure and offspring of depressed parents with average/low NLE exposure.
Greater religiosity may contribute to development of resilience in certain high-risk individuals.
很少有研究使用纵向设计来检验宗教信仰作为保护因素，以预测有发生重度抑郁症（MDD）风险的个体的韧性。
选择有抑郁父母的高风险后代和非抑郁父母的对照组后代，在儿童/青少年期以及 10 年和 20 年随访时评估精神障碍。在 10 年随访时评估宗教/精神信仰的重要性、服务参与度和负面生活事件（NLEs）。测试了基于父母的抑郁状态、先前 MDD 病史和 NLE 暴露水平，宗教/精神信仰与后代随后出现的障碍之间的关系在不同组别的差异。韧性被定义为在高风险与低风险后代中，宗教/精神信仰越高，发生障碍的几率越低。
在所有后代中，参与宗教活动的频率增加与心境障碍（降低 43%）和任何精神障碍（降低 53%）的几率显著降低有关；然而，在非抑郁父母的后代中，这种几率显著低于抑郁父母的后代。在仅针对抑郁父母后代的分析中，将高 NLE 暴露和平均/低 NLE 暴露的个体进行了比较：增加参与宗教活动的频率与 MDD、心境障碍和任何精神障碍的几率显著降低（分别降低 76%、69%和 64%）有关，而宗教信仰的重要性增加仅与高 NLE 暴露的抑郁父母的后代中心境障碍的几率显著降低（降低 74%）有关。此外，这些关联在高 NLE 暴露的抑郁父母的后代和平均/低 NLE 暴露的抑郁父母的后代之间存在显著差异。
更高的宗教信仰可能有助于某些高风险个体发展韧性。
