Department of Pediatrics Wayne State University School of Medicine, United States.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2011 Sep-Oct;33(5):575-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.04.003. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
To evaluate the impact of prenatal cocaine exposure and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) status on childhood growth.
Cocaine exposure was defined by history or meconium metabolites. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine cocaine exposure and SGA status on growth, while controlling for exposure to other drugs and alcohol use.
At birth cocaine-exposed infants (n=364) had significantly lower growth parameters compared to non-exposed children (n=771). At 6 years, weight was similar between exposed and unexposed children. SGA infants continued to be growth impaired. There was a significant interaction between prenatal cocaine exposure and SGA status at 6 years. The negative effects of cocaine on weight and height were greater among non-SGA than SGA children (432 vs. 280 gm, and 0.7 and 0.5 cm, respectively) while negative effects of SGA status on weight and height were larger in non-cocaine exposed compared to the exposed children (2.3 kg vs.1.6 kg and 2.2 and 1.0 cm).
Children exposed to prenatal cocaine were similar in weight to non-exposed children at 6 years of age. Cocaine had an unexplained greater detrimental effect on non-SGA than SGA children. SGA status at birth has an independent detrimental effect on childhood growth.
评估产前可卡因暴露和胎儿生长受限（SGA）对儿童生长的影响。
可卡因暴露通过病史或胎粪代谢物定义。使用分层线性模型来研究可卡因暴露和 SGA 状态对生长的影响，同时控制其他药物暴露和酒精使用。
在出生时，可卡因暴露的婴儿（n=364）与未暴露的儿童（n=771）相比，生长参数明显较低。在 6 岁时，暴露组和未暴露组儿童的体重相似。SGA 婴儿的生长仍然受到损害。在 6 岁时，产前可卡因暴露和 SGA 状态之间存在显著的相互作用。与 SGA 婴儿相比，非 SGA 婴儿中可卡因对体重和身高的负面影响更大（分别为 432 克和 280 克，0.7 厘米和 0.5 厘米），而非可卡因暴露组 SGA 状态对体重和身高的负面影响大于暴露组（分别为 2.3 公斤和 1.6 公斤，2.2 厘米和 1.0 厘米）。
在 6 岁时，暴露于产前可卡因的儿童体重与未暴露的儿童相似。可卡因对非 SGA 婴儿的不利影响大于 SGA 婴儿，这一影响原因不明。出生时的 SGA 状态对儿童生长有独立的不利影响。
