Lin J K
Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, China.
Clin Biochem. 1990 Feb;23(1):67-71. doi: 10.1016/0009-9120(90)90489-h.
Nitrosamines are ubiquitous in our environment and diet. Many nitroso compounds are carcinogenic in animals and most probably in man. Nitrosamines are formed from the reaction of nitrite with primary, secondary, or tertiary amines in an acid medium. Nitrate should be considered as a nitrosating agent because it can be converted to nitrite by microbial action. Many aliphatic and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds can be nitrosated to form carcinogenic substances. The occurrence in food and in some drugs of several nitrosamines or their nitrosatable precursors is described. Several tobacco-specific nitrosamines have been considered as possible causative agents for human cancer. Nitrosamines may be implicated in the induction of certain human gastric cancers.
亚硝胺在我们的环境和饮食中普遍存在。许多亚硝基化合物对动物具有致癌性，对人类很可能也具有致癌性。亚硝胺是由亚硝酸盐在酸性介质中与伯胺、仲胺或叔胺反应形成的。硝酸盐应被视为一种亚硝化剂，因为它可通过微生物作用转化为亚硝酸盐。许多脂肪族和含氮杂环化合物可被亚硝化形成致癌物质。本文描述了几种亚硝胺或其可亚硝化前体在食品和某些药物中的存在情况。几种烟草特有的亚硝胺被认为可能是人类癌症的致病因素。亚硝胺可能与某些人类胃癌的诱发有关。
